Acute Otitis Media

Abstract

A detailed study of 237 patients with acute otitis media is presented. Samples for bacteriological examination were taken from the nose in all cases and from the ear in case of myringotomy or spontaneous rupture. Despite penicillin treatment for 10 days, H. influenzae was reisolated nearly as often asinitially, even from patients with good clinical recovery.

Bacterial Flora in the Nasopharynx and Nasal Cavity of Healthy Young Men

“…The carrier rate of StrA in the nose appears to be low even in children, ranging from 1 to 2% [5,9]. The incidence of StrA in the naso pharynx (0.5-2%) was low in two Scandina vian studies [8,10] as compared with higher figures (10-24%) reported for nasopharyn geal or oropharyngeal cultures in studies conducted in the USA [5,9,11,12] (table III A).…”

“…These rates are reported to decrease with increasing age [5][6][7], The reason for the relatively low carriage of Pn and Hi in one Scandinavian study [8] remained obscure. The carrier rate of StrA in the nose appears to be low even in children, ranging from 1 to 2% [5,9].…”

“…Hi has occa sionally been found to be the predominant causative bacterium both in acute sinusitis [17] and in acute otitis media [8], while Pn has been the commonest pathogen in these conditions in most studies in recent years [10,18,19], In earlier studies the carrier rate of StrA in the naso-or oropharynx is between 1 and 10% in adults [5,20], usually as low as 1-2% (table IIIB) [7,14,[20][21][22], Our negative re sult may be partially due to the fact that we cultured samples only from the nasophar ynx, while pathogenic bacteria may be more often found in the oropharynx [9].…”

Otitis Media in Greenland: studies on historical, epidemiological, microbiological, and immunological aspects

“…In the Western world, many studies have been performed concerning the nasopharyngeal carriage rates of potentially pathogenic bacteria in children with and without AOM or SOM (Box et al 1961, Kamme et al 1971, Branefors-Helander et al 1975, Schwartz et al 1979, Henderson et al 1982, Ingvarsson et al 1982a, Long et al 1983, Freijd et al 1984, Prellner et al 1984, Sørensen et al 1988, Faden et al 1991, Aniansson et al 1992. In most of these studies the nasopharyngeal colonization with potentially pathogenic bacteria have been shown to be associated with AOM, rAOM, and SOM while the quantitative aspects of colonization have shown more contradictory results maybe due to estimation difficulties.…”

“…The most frequent bacteria to be cultured from middle ear aspirations in children with AOM are Streptococcus pneumoniae (20-50%), Haemophilus influenzae (6-30%), Moraxella catarrhalis (0-10%), and group A streptococci (GAS) (0-5%) while Staphylococcus aureus and Chlamydia trachomatis have been found irregularly (Kamme et al 1971, Branefors-Helander et al 1975, Schwartz et al 1979, Chang et al 1982, Henderson et al .1982, Karma et al 1983, Long et al 1983, Giebink 1989, Arola et al 1990. Viruses have been found in coexistence with potentially pathogenic bacteria in 10 -30% of middle ear fluids and in the nasopharynx of 30 -55% of children with AOM (Henderson et al 1982, Arola et al 1990, Ruuskanen et al 1991.…”