Acute liver injury associated with a newer formulation of the herbal weight loss supplement Hydroxycut

Araujo, James L.; Worman, Howard J.

doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-210303

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Some of the ingredients have been Garcinia cambogia , Cissus quadrangularis , caffeine, Ma Huang (ephedra) and green tea. At least, 29 cases of Hydroxicut-induced liver injury have been reported [ 10 , 74 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ]. Typically, the episodes occur after weeks of consumption and show a hepatocellular pattern of liver damage (25/28) and high levels of transaminases.…”

Section: Reported Cases Of Dietary Supplements-induced Liver Injurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatotoxicity by Dietary Supplements: A Tabular Listing and Clinical Characteristics

García‐Cortés

Robles‐Díaz

Ortega‐Alonso

et al. 2016

IJMS

125

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Dietary supplements (DS) are extensively consumed worldwide despite unproven efficacy. The true incidence of DS-induced liver injury (DSILI) is unknown but is probably under-diagnosed due to the general belief of safety of these products. Reported cases of herbals and DS-induced liver injury are increasing worldwide. The aim of this manuscript is to report a tabular listing with a description of DS associated with hepatotoxicity as well as review the phenotype and severity of DSILI. Natural remedies related to hepatotoxicity can be divided into herbal product-induced liver injury and DS-induced liver injury. In this article, we describe different DS associated with liver injury, some of them manufactured DS containing several ingredients (Herbalife™ products, Hydroxycut™, LipoKinetix™, UCP-1 and OxyELITE™) while others have a single ingredient (green tea extract, linoleic acid, usnic acid, 1,3-Dimethylamylamine, vitamin A, Garcinia cambogia and ma huang). Additional DS containing some of the aforementioned ingredients implicated in liver injury are also covered. We have also included illicit androgenic anabolic steroids for bodybuilding in this work, as they are frequently sold under the denomination of DS despite being conventional drugs.

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Section: Reported Cases Of Dietary Supplements-induced Liver Injurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatotoxicity by Dietary Supplements: A Tabular Listing and Clinical Characteristics

García‐Cortés

Robles‐Díaz

Ortega‐Alonso

et al. 2016

IJMS

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Instead, this analysis is limited to the cases of liver injury attributed to DS that attracted the interest of consumers, clinicians, regulators, and manufacturers in the last few years. For this purpose, green tea extracts (GTE), Herbalife, Hydroxycut, and OxyELITE Pro (OEP) were selected as examples of products, all used for weight reduction . Except for a few reports, all publications failed to mention obesity‐associated liver comorbidities as potential causes for the liver injury.…”

Section: Suspected Liver Injury By Ds For Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, green tea extracts (GTE), Herbalife, Hydroxycut, and OxyELITE Pro (OEP) were selected as examples of products, all used for weight reduction. [10][11][12][21][22][23]35,36,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] Except for a few reports, 22,23 all publications failed to mention obesity-associated liver comorbidities as potential causes for the liver injury.…”

Section: Suspected Liver Injury By Ds For Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is obesity rather than the dietary supplement used for weight reduction the cause of liver injury?

et al. 2018

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Acute liver injury has been attributed to dietary supplements (DS) used for weight loss, but their causal role was much questioned, and obesity as an alternative cause of the liver injury remained unclear. A comprehensive search of the Medline database was conducted with terms that included “DS,” “liver injury,” “obesity,” “obesity‐related liver diseases,” and “nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.” For each term, we focused on the first 50 publications. We undertook a manual search to identify additional reports. Underlying liver diseases and other health issues are common in patients taking DS for weight reduction. These include obesity or morbid obesity, as well as complex metabolic disorders complicated by excess morbidity and mortality due to associated liver diseases. Among these are nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with potential progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, often classified as cryptogenic with a rare risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. With the exception of hepatocellular carcinoma, these obesity‐related liver diseases were observed to varying degrees in patients, and some even required a liver transplant. This raises the question whether the liver injury that occurred in these patients is due to DS consumed for weight loss or to the underlying obesity‐related liver diseases. This analysis showed that, in many instances, the causal role of obesity has been neglected. Obesity‐associated liver diseases should be considered as differential diagnosis of liver injury in obese patients using DS.

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“…Follow-ing the 2009 recall, Hydroxycut was reformulated and reintroduced in the market, and new cases of hepatotoxicity attributed to the Hydroxycut SX-7 Clean Sensory formulation were recently reported in 2015. 87…”

Section: Hydroxycut Hepatotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Injury Associated with Sporting Activities

Hassan

Fontana

2018

Semin Liver Dis

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Exertional heat stroke most commonly develops following prolonged levels of aerobic activity in a warm or humid environment. Hypoperfusion of the vital organs along with activation of the inflammasome can lead to progressive and potentially fatal multiorgan failure including acute liver failure. In the United States, herbal and dietary supplements that are marketed to improve performance, strength, and weight loss are increasingly being used by both amateur and professional athletes. Consumption of bodybuilding supplements that contain androgenic anabolic steroids can lead to adverse hepatic effects ranging from asymptomatic serum aminotransferase elevations to severe cholestatic hepatitis with prolonged jaundice. Various non-bodybuilding nutritional supplements that contain a mixture of botanicals, caffeine, and chemicals have also been associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. In particular, green tea extract derivatives that contain epigallocatechin gallate are hepatotoxic in animal models and have been associated with severe acute hepatocellular injury in humans.

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Acute liver injury associated with a newer formulation of the herbal weight loss supplement Hydroxycut

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Hepatotoxicity by Dietary Supplements: A Tabular Listing and Clinical Characteristics

Hepatotoxicity by Dietary Supplements: A Tabular Listing and Clinical Characteristics

Is obesity rather than the dietary supplement used for weight reduction the cause of liver injury?

Liver Injury Associated with Sporting Activities

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