Acute kidney injury in dogs and cats 1. Pathogenesis and diagnosis

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI), an abrupt loss of renal function, is a commonly encountered emergency in small animal practice. This article, the first of two on AKI, reviews the pathophysiology and diagnosis of the condition in dogs and cats. The second article, to be published in the June issue of In Practice, will cover the treatment, recovery and prognosis associated with AKI.

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentration changes after acute haemorrhage and colloid-mediated reperfusion in anaesthetized dogs

“…; Mugford et al. ). Four sequential stages of AKI have been identified: initiation, extension, maintenance and recovery (Devarajan ; Basile et al.…”

“…; Mugford et al. ). Animal studies have shown that therapeutic interventions to reverse or prevent further progression of AKI must occur during the initiation or extension phases (Devarajan ).…”

“…Statistical analysis was performed using repeated-measures one-way Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common syndrome in human and veterinary medicine, can be caused by ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury subsequent to renal hypoperfusion during general anaesthesia (Behrend et al 1996;Moore et al 2012;Mugford et al 2013). Four sequential stages of AKI have been identified: initiation, extension, maintenance and recovery (Devarajan 2006;Basile et al 2012;Mugford et al 2013). Animal studies have shown that therapeutic interventions to reverse or prevent further progression of AKI must occur during the initiation or extension phases (Devarajan 2006).…”

Acute kidney injury in dogs and cats 2. Management, treatment and outcome

“…Once the diagnosis of AKI is established, any concurrent medications with nephrotoxic properties (see the first article in this series for more details [Mugford and others 2013]) should be discontinued immediately. In addition, specific therapies to eradicate any known or suspected causes of AKI should be implemented.…”

Cistatina C sérica em cães criticamente enfermos em UTI

“…A injúria renal aguda (IRA) é uma doença multifatorial, extremamente frequente em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI), que complica várias condições clínico-cirúrgicas, além de estar associada à elevada taxa de morbimortalidade (Costa et al 2003, Nunes et al 2010, Mehta et al 2011, Harison et al 2012, Mugford et al 2013. Entretanto, seus efeitos podem ser minimizados quando diagnosticada e [Cystatin C in critically ill dogs at UTI.]…”