Acute heat stress induces changes in physiological and cellular responses in Saanen goats

Hooper, Henrique Barbosa; Silva, Priscila dos Santos; Oliveira, S. A. de; Merighe, Giovana Krempel Fonseca; Negrão, João Alberto

doi:10.1007/s00484-018-1630-3

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The IRT at vulva showed the highest temperature (37.67°C) but the lowest temperature increased (2.1°C) across the observation time compared to those measured at the other body parts. This finding agrees with the finding reported by Hooper et al (2018) in which they found the highest value (38.29°C) at vulva using IRT compared to the other body parts and the lowest temperature increment (0.66°C) was found at observation time from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. In this present study, the lower temperatures at body and legs than at the vagina and vulva were possibly affected by the high thermal isolation due to the difference in skin thickness and fur compactness (Arkin et al 1991).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Afshar et al (2005) reported an average RR and HR of Iranian female goats were as many as 20.2 and 114.2 times/minute, respectively. Hooper et al (2018) obtained an average RR of Saanen goats about 49.5 times/minute, whereas de Lima et al (2019) obtained the same from similar breed about 72.6 times/minute after giving birth. In another experiment, Phulia et al (2010) found an increase in RR from 43.7 to 77.3 times/minute when Sirohi goats stood in a hot environment for six hours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The difference in the measured body parts is relevant to the heat storage and release (Kenny & Jay 2013). Fluctuations in rectal temperature and respiration rate across the observation time were also investigated by Hooper et al (2018) with the lowest value occurred at 6 a.m. morning. Several studies (Paim et al 2014;McManus et al 2015;Seixas et al 2017) reported that the lowest temperatures occurred in the morning and reached its peak at noon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Infrared Thermography for Identifying Physiological and Hematological Conditions of Young Sapera Dairy Goats

Pamungkas

Purwanto

Manalu

et al. 2020

JITV

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Infrared thermography (IRT) is an alternative solution that can be applied to replace invasive methods currently used in the monitoring of goats' physiological and hematological parameters. This study was done to compare and correlate the physiological and hematological conditions of young Sapera dairy goats and their correlations with results obtained by IRT. Four young Sapera dairy goats (weight of 26-28 kg) were kept in the individual rearing cage. Skin surface temperature (TS), rectal temperature (TR), body temperature (TB), heartbeat (HR), respiration rate (RR), and IRT at eyes, mouth, nose, legs, left body, right body, vagina, and vulva were monitored from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. in 2 h intervals. Blood samplings were done at the beginning and the end of the obsevation time. Results showed that IRTs at several body parts were positively correlated with physiological parameters, except for heartbeat. Negatively correlation was observed in hematological parameters. The highest correlation (r = +0.85) was observed in the correlation between the results of the left rear leg IRT on TB. It was concluded that IRT can be applied to examine goats’ physiological conditions especially body temperature<span lang="IN">.</span>

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Infrared Thermography for Identifying Physiological and Hematological Conditions of Young Sapera Dairy Goats

Pamungkas

Purwanto

Manalu

et al. 2020

JITV

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“…It is also the precursor of Tyr, which is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and the levodopa neurotransmitter. Previous studies have shown a strong decrease in plasma thyroid hormones (i.e., TSH, T4 and T3) in different ruminant models [42–44], which means that the basal heat production may, in fact, decrease when Phe and Tyr are scarce. Moreover, the rate of milk production is markedly affected by thyroid hormones, which modulate the nutrient partitioning towards milk production [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress modifies the lactational performances and the urinary metabolomic profile related to gastrointestinal microbiota of dairy goats

et al. 2019

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The aim of the study is to identify the candidate biomarkers of heat stress (HS) in the urine of lactating dairy goats through the application of proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomic analysis. Dairy does (n = 16) in mid-lactation were submitted to thermal neutral (TN; indoors; 15 to 20°C; 40 to 45% humidity) or HS (climatic chamber; 37°C day, 30°C night; 40% humidity) conditions according to a crossover design (2 periods of 21 days). Thermophysiological traits and lactational performances were recorded and milk composition analyzed during each period. Urine samples were collected at day 15 of each period for 1H NMR spectroscopy analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square—discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) assessment with cross validation were used to identify the goat urinary metabolome from the Human Metabolome Data Base. HS increased rectal temperature (1.2°C), respiratory rate (3.5-fold) and water intake (74%), but decreased feed intake (35%) and body weight (5%) of the lactating does. No differences were detected in milk yield, but HS decreased the milk contents of fat (9%), protein (16%) and lactose (5%). Metabolomics allowed separating TN and HS urinary clusters by PLS-DA. Most discriminating metabolites were hippurate and other phenylalanine (Phe) derivative compounds, which increased in HS vs. TN does. The greater excretion of these gut-derived toxic compounds indicated that HS induced a harmful gastrointestinal microbiota overgrowth, which should have sequestered aromatic amino acids for their metabolism and decreased the synthesis of neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones, with a negative impact on milk yield and composition. In conclusion, HS markedly changed the thermophysiological traits and lactational performances of dairy goats, which were translated into their urinary metabolomic profile through the presence of gut-derived toxic compounds. Hippurate and other Phe-derivative compounds are suggested as urinary biomarkers to detect heat-stressed dairy animals in practice.

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“…At the molecular level, adaptive responses to heat exposure are driven by increased expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), which function as intra-cellular chaperones and prevent protein and cell damage in heat-stressed animals. Several studies have reported higher expression of HSP 70, HSP 60, HSP 90 and HSP 27 genes in small ruminants during heat stress [33,39,40]. Similarly, Mohanarao et al [40] also showed higher expression of HSPA1A, HSPA1L, HSPA6 and HSPA8 genes in goats with heat stress.…”

Section: Thermoregulatory Mechanisms In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Resilience of Small Ruminants to Climate Change and Increased Environmental Temperature: A Review

Joy

Dunshea

Leury

et al. 2020

Animals

128

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Climate change is a major global threat to the sustainability of livestock systems. Climatic factors such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, direct and indirect solar radiation and wind speed influence feed and water availability, fodder quality and disease occurrence, with production being most efficient in optimal environmental conditions. Among these climatic variables, ambient temperature fluctuations have the most impact on livestock production and animal welfare. Continuous exposure of the animals to heat stress compromises growth, milk and meat production and reproduction. The capacity of an animal to mitigate effects of increased environmental temperature, without progressing into stress response, differs within and between species. Comparatively, small ruminants are better adapted to hot environments than large ruminants and have better ability to survive, produce and reproduce in harsh climatic regions. Nevertheless, the physiological and behavioral changes in response to hot environments affect small ruminant production. It has been found that tropical breeds are more adaptive to hot climates than high-producing temperate breeds. The growing body of knowledge on the negative impact of heat stress on small ruminant production and welfare will assist in the development of suitable strategies to mitigate heat stress. Selection of thermotolerant breeds, through identification of genetic traits for adaption to extreme environmental conditions (high temperature, feed scarcity, water scarcity), is a viable strategy to combat climate change and minimize the impact on small ruminant production and welfare. This review highlights such adaption within and among different breeds of small ruminants challenged by heat stress.

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Acute heat stress induces changes in physiological and cellular responses in Saanen goats

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Use of Infrared Thermography for Identifying Physiological and Hematological Conditions of Young Sapera Dairy Goats

Use of Infrared Thermography for Identifying Physiological and Hematological Conditions of Young Sapera Dairy Goats

Heat stress modifies the lactational performances and the urinary metabolomic profile related to gastrointestinal microbiota of dairy goats

Resilience of Small Ruminants to Climate Change and Increased Environmental Temperature: A Review

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