Acute Forms of Tuberculosis in Adults

Jacob, Jesse T; Mehta, Aneesh K; Leonard, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.09.018

Cited by 61 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The duration of illness usually is less than one month, which is different from common reactivation of disease (7,10,29,30). Dense consolidation with multiple anatomical lobes of lung infiltration on chest X-ray was seen in this pathophysiology (31). In our study, short duration of illness, fever and dyspnea, and multiple-lobe infiltration on chest X-ray were among the significant independent risk factors of acute respiratory failure, which possibly indicated that these patients may suffer from severe acute tuberculous pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing development and mortality of acute respiratory failure in hospitalized patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis: a 10-year retrospective review

Bhurayanontachai¹,

Maneenil²

2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis with acute respiratory failure is fatal and is a burden in the intensive care units and leads to mortality. This retrospective study identifies the factors influencing the development of pulmonary tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation (TBMV) and mortality in the hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods:The medical records of hospitalized adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, clinical presentations, radiographic findings, biochemical tests, and clinical outcomes were collected. Data were compared by Student's t-test and Chi-square test between groups. Select variables that were statistically significant with P values <0.1 were introduced into a forward, stepwise, logistic regression model. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) identified the independent influencing factors in the development of TBMV and mortality.Results: Of 268 enrolled patients, 185 (69.0%) were male. The patients were equally divided between the TBMV and non-TBMV groups. The shorter duration of illness (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99), underlying disease of AIDS (OR, 14.55; 95% CI, 1.71-123.91), presentation of fever (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.20-3.71) and dyspnea (OR, 3.51; 95% CI, 2.02-6.11), large amount of acid fast bacilli on sputum smear (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.90-7.47), lower serum albumin level (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.26-0.59), and delayed initiation of antituberculosis agents (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.12) were independent factors to develop TBMV. Male gender (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.01-4.61), consolidation pattern on chest X-ray (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.17-4.98), and lower serum albumin (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.71) were correlated to mortality. Conclusions:The incidence and mortality rate of TBMV patients were high. Acute tuberculous pneumonia, underlying disease of AIDS, amount of acid fast bacilli, and delayed administration of antituberculosis agents were independent risk factors to develop TBMV. Male gender, consolidation on chest X-ray, and low serum albumin were significantly related to mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing development and mortality of acute respiratory failure in hospitalized patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis: a 10-year retrospective review

Bhurayanontachai¹,

Maneenil²

2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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“…TB can, rarely, lead to sepsis or septic shock, which is known as Landouzy septicemia (1,16,17). This process is usually seen in immunocompromised patients, but may be seen in immunocompetent patients (1,16,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process is usually seen in immunocompromised patients, but may be seen in immunocompetent patients (1,16,17). However, other causal microorganisms must be excluded for the diagnosis of TB-associated sepsis or septic shock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TB is known as a chronic infectious disease, but it can mimic other infectious or noninfectious processes and may present acutely. The most common forms of TB presenting acutely are pulmonary, miliary, and meningeal (1). Pulmonary and miliary TB can lead to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and, rarely, acute respiratory distress syndrome (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute tuberculosis in the intensive care unit

Rollas¹,

Kara²,

Ersoy³

et al. 2015

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine mortality rates and to evaluate clinical features of patients with active tuberculosis (TB) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Materials and methods:The medical records of active TB patients requiring ICU admission were retrospectively reviewed over a 5-year period.Results: Sixteen patients with active TB admitted to the ICU were included in the study. Seven (43.8%) patients died in the ICU. The cause of mortality was septic shock in 5 patients and respiratory failure in 2 patients. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were higher in patients who died (P = 0.012 and 0.048, respectively). Six of the 8 immunosuppressed patients and 1 of the 8 nonimmunosuppressed patients died (P = 0.041). The median mechanical ventilation (MV) duration was longer in patients who died (11 (5-45) days) than in patients who survived (4.5 (3-7) days) (P = 0.036). Seven of the 8 patients with nosocomial infection and/or coinfection died, while all of the patients without additional infection survived (P = 0.01). Conclusion:Active TB patients admitted to the ICU had higher mortality rates, especially patients with immunosuppression, nosocomial infection, high APACHE II and SOFA scores, and patients receiving MV.

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“…In the beginning of civilization when human population densities were sparse, this disease may have been fairly harmless. However, with the increase in population densities, probably from the 17 th to 19 th centuries, TB took epidemic proportions [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%