Acute effects of endurance exercise on jumping and kicking performance in top‐class young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of endurance exercise on jumping and kicking performance in young soccer players. Twenty-one top-class young soccer players (16.1 +0.2 years) performed a countermovement jump test and a maximal instep soccer kick test before and after running for 20 min on a treadmill at 80% of their individual máximum heart rate. Two forcé platforms were used to obtain the following parameters during the countermovement jump: jump height, máximum power, máximum power relative to body mass, máximum vertical ground reaction forcé, máximum vertical ground reaction forcé relative to body mass, and máximum vertical ground reaction forcé applied to each leg. Máximum vertical ground reaction forcé and máximum vertical ground reaction forcé relative to body mass applied to the support leg during the kicks were also calculated with a forcé platform. The kicking motion was recorded using a three-dimensional motion-capture system. Máximum velocity of the ball, máximum linear velocity of the toe, ankle, knee and hip, and linear velocity of the toe at ball contact during the kicks were calculated. Non-significant differences were found in the parameters measured during the countermovement jump and the maximal instep soccer kick test before and after running, suggesting that the jumping and kicking performances of top-class young soccer players were not significantly affected after 20 min treadmill running at 80% of their individual máximum heart rate.

Effect of hamstring injuries on kicking in football = Efecto de las lesiones de los isquiotibiales en el golpeo del fútbol

“…The values reported were also greater than the values reported by Orloff et al (2008) in amateur players and similar to values reported by Juarez et al (2011) in elite youth players. The ground reaction forces are almost three times the body weight, and this greater force perhaps contributes to a greater ball velocity in professional soccer players.…”

“…The kicking motion is a sequential motion, beginning at the hip and going down to the foot, with each joint attaining a maximal velocity from proximal to distal segments in the same order ( Figure 17) (Juarez et al, 2011;Lees & Nolan, 1998). Keeping this pattern in mind, and looking at Table 20, one can say that a previous hamstring injury affects the dominant limb knee from reaching maximal velocities (previously uninjured dominant knee velocity = 9.53 ± 0.91 m/s and previously injured dominant knee velocity 9.00 ± 0.87 m/s) which consequently led to differences in the ball velocities.…”

“…This is a well-known mechanical principle but, in addition, cocking of the kicking leg produces a stretch-shorten cycle, responsible for maximizing the extension moment and work done at the knee joint (Dorge et al, 2002). Just before the knee reaches maximal flexion, the support limb is planted near the ball and it reaches a peak force which is about 2.5 to 3.8 times the body weight of the player (Juarez, López de Subijana, Mallo, & Navarro, 2011;Orloff et al, 2008).…”

“…Kicking is a proximal-to-distal movement (Juarez et al, 2011;Lees & Nolan, 1998), with peak velocities also being reached in the same sequential order (Lees & Nolan, 1998). In the initial part of the movement, the hamstring muscles are the most active, working actively in the extension of the hip and flexion of the knee.…”

“…Kicking follows a proximal to distal sequential motion (Juarez et al, 2011;Lees & Nolan, 1998), with the linear velocities occurring in and increasing in magnitude in succession from the hip, to the knee, followed by the ankle, toe and ball ( Figure 17). Across all uninjured limbs, whether they were dominant or non-dominant, males had higher ball, toe, ankle and knee velocities than females, concurrent with previous research (Barfield et al, 2002;Katis et al, 2015;Sakamoto & Asai, 2013).…”