Acute colitis in adult horses. A review with emphasis on aetiology and pathogenesis

Larsen, J.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1997.9694745

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…[3][4][5] Horses that have retained fetal membranes or that develop pleuropneumonia, wound infections, or gram-negative bacteremia are also at risk for endotoxemia. [3][4][5] Horses that have retained fetal membranes or that develop pleuropneumonia, wound infections, or gram-negative bacteremia are also at risk for endotoxemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an intravenous endotoxin challenge on glucose and insulin dynamics in horses

Tóth¹,

Frank²,

Elliott³

et al. 2008

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an intravenous endotoxin challenge on glucose and insulin dynamics in horses

Tóth¹,

Frank²,

Elliott³

et al. 2008

ajvr

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“…Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli have been suggested as causative agents, 17 but most of the attention has focused upon clostridia, namely Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium cadaveris. It has now become apparent that many C. difficile-affected adult horses present with classic clinical signs, and particularly the gross and microscopic lesions, of colitis X.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…8 Colitis X is an acute disease of horses that occurs sporadically and is characterized by abdominal pain, severe watery to hemorrhagic diarrhea, dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, and toxic shock. 12,17,23,31 It is usually diagnosed postmortem, where cecal and colonic mucosal edema and hemorrhagic necrosis, as well as watery to bloody intestinal contents, are found. 31 Disseminated intravascular coagulation, colonic mucosal necrosis, and anarchic multiplication of bacteria in devitalized intestinal segments are seen microscopically and are considered pathognomonic.…”

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Equine Colitis X Associated with Infection by Clostridium Difficile NAP1/027

et al. 2009

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Abstract. A 14-year-old Quarter Horse with a 48-hr history of colic was euthanized after failure to respond to treatment. At necropsy, cecal and colonic mucosae were congested throughout, and there was segmental edema and significant thickening of the intestinal wall. Excessive numbers of mononuclear cells were found in mucosal lamina propria. Submucosal hemorrhage was diffuse and extensive, and Clostridium difficile toxins A and B were detected. Large numbers of C. difficile were isolated, and genetic characterization revealed them to be North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027, and toxinotype III. Genes for the binary toxin were present, and toxin negative-regulator tcdC contained an 18-bp deletion. This genotype comprises the current human ''epidemic strain,'' which is associated with human C. difficile-associated disease of greater than historical severity. The diagnosis was peracute typhlocolitis, with lesions and history typical of those attributed to colitis X.

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“…The etiology of equine colitis is clearly multifactorial. Even though many causes are known, colitis can be regarded as a syndrome that can be initiated by any infectious or noxious agent that can induce an infl ammatory response in the caecum and colon [1]. The causes of equine colitis can be infectious (such as bacteria -Salmonella spp., Clostridium diffi cile, Clostridium perfringens) or non-infectious, primarily as a result of antibiotic associated diarrhea and dietary imbalances, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survival and Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Variables as Prognostic Indicators in Horses Hospitilized with Acute Diarrhea: 342 Cases (1995-2015)

Kovač́

Huskamp²,

Scheidemann³

et al. 2017

Acta Veterinaria

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A retrospective study was performed on 342 horses with acute diarrhea (equine colitis). Clinical and laboratory data were obtained upon arrival at the equine hospital. The main focus of this study was to fi nd the difference between the clinical and laboratory variables of surviving and deceased acute colitis horses before the beginning of medical treatment, with the aim to provide a better guideline for determining the prognosis of survival.According to this retrospective study the lethality rate of acute equine colitis was 41.93 %. The time interval from the onset of acute diarrhea to the horse being taken to the clinic was signifi cantly longer in the case of horses which had not survived. The heart rate, hematocrit, blood pH, blood hydrogen carbonate concentration, base excess and HCT/TPP ratio were shown to be signifi cantly related to the survival of horses with colitis. Thus, the hematocrit, appeared to be the most relevant predictor of the outcome of acute equine colitis. Body temperature, respiration rate, total plasma protein and white blood cell count, did not show any prognostic signifi cance.

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Acute colitis in adult horses. A review with emphasis on aetiology and pathogenesis

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of an intravenous endotoxin challenge on glucose and insulin dynamics in horses

Effects of an intravenous endotoxin challenge on glucose and insulin dynamics in horses

Equine Colitis X Associated with Infection by Clostridium Difficile NAP1/027

Survival and Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Variables as Prognostic Indicators in Horses Hospitilized with Acute Diarrhea: 342 Cases (1995-2015)

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