Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy: A Propos of 151 Cases Collected during a Multicentric Study in Senegal

Abstract

Introduction: Bilirubin encephalopathy is a debilitating complication of severe neonatal unconjugated bilirubin jaundice. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of occurrence of this complication and to describe the diagnostic and prognostic aspects in Senegal. Materials and Methods: This was a multicenter, descriptive and analytical study conducted in 32 neonatal units of various levels, with retrospective (January to December 2020) and prospective (January to August 2021) collection. All neonates hospitalized for acute bilirubin encephalopathy were included. The diagnostic criteria were the presence of jaundice associated with neurological signs (muscle tone disorders, abnormal movements, convulsions, etc.), with no other obvious etiology found. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. The significance threshold was retained for a p-value < 0.05. Results: We registered 151 patients. The mean age was 6 days and the sex ratio was 2.5 (clear male predominance). The majority of newborns were from Dakar (51%). Twenty-two (22%) were premature and 32% had low birth weight. Half of the newborns (50%) came from home and 87% were exclusively breastfed. The average time to consult was 3 days. Neurological signs were dominated by decreased primitive reflexes (74%), abnormal movements (59%) and lethargy (50%). Dehydration (30%) and anemia (26%) were often associated. The mean bilirubin level was 416 umol/l. Neonatal infections (19%) and Rhesus (16.7%) and ABO (8.7) incompatibility were the main causes.

Optimisation de l’épaisseur de la base de la photopile (n+/p/p+) au silicium en régime statique sous éclairement polychromatique : Influence de la température et du taux de dopage

“…L'épaisseur optimum (Hopt( D(Nb,T), bi) obtenue est ensuite modélisée en fonction de la température (T), pour différentes valeurs du taux de dopage (Nb) de la base de la photopile. L'application de la technique [25,26] a permis d'élargir les conditions de détermination de l'épaisseur optimum de la base (Hopt( D(Nb,T), bi).…”

Optimization of the thickness of the base of the photopile (N+/P/P+) with silicon static diet under polychromatic illumination: influence of temperature and doping rate

“…Thus the tables 1, 2, and 3 give the results of the optimum thickness as a function of the temperature of the base of the solar cell at different doping rates. The rise in temperature and doping rate leads to a decrease in optimum base thickness [21,26,[31][32][33][34] . From the temperature (T = 300K), we see growth as a function of the temperature of the optimum thickness for a doping base (Nb = 10 16 cm -3 ).…”

“…The optimum thickness (Hopt (D (Nb, t), bi) obtained is then modeled as a function of temperature (t), for different doping rate values (Nb) of the base of the solar cell. The technique [25,26] made it possible to expand the conditions for determining the optimum thickness of the base (Hopt (D (Nb, T), Bi).…”