Acute and Subacute Effects of Diazepam on Psychomotor Skills: Interaction With Alcohol

Palva, Erkki; Linnoila, Markku; Saario, I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-023768-8.50489-8

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These results were confirmed by Meyer (1962) for dihydrokawain and dihydromethysticin, using potentiation of hexobarbitone sleeping times in mice and rabbits. On the basis of these results it may be expected that a positive interaction between alcohol and kava would occur, as alcohol also has hypnosedative properties and many previous studies have demonstrated positive deleterious interactions between alcohol and other hypnosedative drugs, such as diazepam (Linnoila & Mattila 1973;Morland et al 1974;MacLeod et al 1977;Palva et al 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Positive Interaction of Ethanol and Kava Resin in Mice

Jamieson

Duffield

1990

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. The lipid soluble extract of the psychoactive beverage kava has hypnosedative properties which can be measured by the length of time that the righting reflex is lost. 2. Ethanol and the lipid soluble extract (kava resin) have been shown greatly to increase each others hypnotic action in mice. Ethanol also increases the toxicity of kava markedly. 3. This interaction of kava and alcohol has important clinical and social consequences since, in contrast to traditional usage, kava is now often taken in conjunction with alcoholic drinks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Positive Interaction of Ethanol and Kava Resin in Mice

Jamieson

Duffield

1990

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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“…Some authors have even reported improvements in performance after moderate doses of alcohol (e.g. Palva et al, 1979). The ®nding of improved performance or no dierence with alcohol is not con®ned to simple RT tasks, and has been demonstrated with other tests of psychomotor skills (Colquhoun, 1962;Talland et al, 1964;Docter et al, 1996;Vogel-Sprott, 1976;Mongrain and Standing, 1989;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of alcohol alone or in combination with other drugs on information processing, task performance and subjective responses

Kerr

Hindmarch

1998

Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.

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This paper reviews the effects of alcohol on human psychomotor performance and cognitive function. It concentrates particularly on effects on reaction time and on skills related to car driving. The effects of alcohol on performance are very variable at low doses (under 1 g per kg body weight). The variability is due to the different measures and methods employed by the researchers and to the large interindividual and interoccasional differences in the effects of alcohol. That is, alcohol affects different people in different ways and it affects the same person differently on separate occasions. Greater performance deficits are observed as the dose increases and as the tasks become more complex. Although results vary, both nicotine and caffeine appear to antagonize the detrimental effects of alcohol on performance. Many other drugs interact with alcohol, the most important of which are sedative agents that can combine synergistically with alcohol to produce profound psychomotor and cognitive impairment. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…With small to moderate doses (0.1-0.8 g/ kg), however, the variation in the results makes generalization more difficult. For example, Palva et al (1979) reported that psychomotor performance was improved after 0.5 and 0.8 g/kg of alcohol ingestion, whereas Fagan et al (1987) determined that 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg of alcohol had no effect on psychomotor performance. These variations in the effects of small to moderate doses could result from many factors: development of tolerance, variable sensitivity to ethanol, intra-and inter-individual differences in absorption, metabolism, and drinking habits, task familiarities/complexities, and experimental design.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%