Acute and Subacute Disseminated Lupus Erythematosus

Griffith, George C.; Vural, Irmak

doi:10.1161/01.cir.3.4.492

Cited by 90 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), myocarditis may be a lifethreatening manifestation. Although in clinical studies SLE myocarditis was found in only about 9% of patients with SLE [61][62][63][64], post-mortem analyses reported a high prevalence of 57%, indicating a high prevalence of subclinical disease [65][66][67]. SLE is most common in women in their 20s and 30s, and the severity as well as the clinical manifestations of the disease differ between early and late onset [68][69][70].…”

Section: Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis

Golpour

Patriki

Hanson

et al. 2021

JCM

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Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle with a wide range of potential etiological factors and consequently varying clinical patterns across the world. In this review, we address the epidemiology of myocarditis. Myocarditis was considered a rare disease until intensified research efforts in recent decades revealed its true epidemiological importance. While it remains a challenge to determine the true prevalence of myocarditis, studies are underway to obtain better approximations of the proportions of this disease. Nowadays, the prevalence of myocarditis has been reported from 10.2 to 105.6 per 100,000 worldwide, and its annual occurrence is estimated at about 1.8 million cases. This wide range of reported cases reflects the uncertainty surrounding the true prevalence and a potential underdiagnosis of this disease. Since myocarditis continues to be a significant public health issue, particularly in young adults in whom myocarditis is among the most common causes of sudden cardiac death, improved diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are necessary. This manuscript aims to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of myocarditis, new diagnostic approaches and the current epidemiological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis

Golpour

Patriki

Hanson

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Although this organism was thought most likely to represent a contaminant, the patient was treated Libman-Sacks verrucous endocarditis with or without associated bacterial endocarditis occurs in as m a n y as 4 0 % of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [26]. Griffith a n d Vural [19] however, found no constant correlation between the clinical findings and specific pathologic lesions of the heart. I n fact, an apical systolic m u r m u r was heard in only two of their six patients with endocarditis.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Angiographic demonstration of major cerebral vessel occlusion in systemic lupus erythematosus

et al. 1972

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Summary. The authors describe three young women with systemic lupus erythematosus and hemiparesis who had major cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion documened by angiography. The only four similar, previously reported cases are reviewed; none of these have been published in the radiologic literature. In two of these seven patients middle cerebral artery stenosis progressed to complete occlusion. Supraclinoid internal carotid artery occlusions were demonstrated in the other five cases. Systemic lupus erythematosus should therefore be a primary diagnostic consideration in young women with intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion. Demonstration angiographique de l'oeclusion ma]eure de vaisseaux cerebraux en cas de lupus erithemateux systemariseRdsumd. Les auteurs rapportent le cas de trois jeunes femmes pr4sentant un lupus 6rithdmateux syst4matis4 et une h4mipar4sie, chez qui l'angiographie montra une stdnose ou une occlusion majeure des art~res c4rdbrales.Les auteurs font la revue des seuls quatre cas antTrieurs analogues dent aucun n'avait 6t6 publi6 duns la littTrature radiologique. Chez deux de ces sept roulades la stTnose de l'artTre cTrTbrale moyerme progressa jusqu'~ l'oeelusion eomplTte. Duns les cinq autres cas, on trouva des oeelusions de l'artTre earotide interne supra-clino/diennes. Le lupus 6rithTmateux systTmatis6 devrait donc @tre 6voqu6 eomme premiTre considTration diagnostique chez des jeunes femmes prTsentant une occlusion de l'artTre earotide interne. Angiographischer Nachweis yon grSfleren cerebralen Gefdflverschlfessen beim Lupus erythematodesZusammenfassung. Die Autoren beschreiben 3 jiingere Frauen, bei denen ein Lupus erythematodes vorlag. Bei diescn Patientinnen bestand gleichzeitig eine Hemiparese, undes konnte angiographisch ein intracranieller Gef~13-verschlul~ nachgewiesen werden. Diese Gef/ii?verschliisse beim Lupus erythematodes sind sehr selten und bisher in der radiologischen Literatur noch nicht publiziert.Signs and symptoms referable to the nervous system have been reported in 28 [3] --75% [26] of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Itemiplegia or focal cerebral dysfunction is reported in as many as 5% of these patients [8]. The neurologic deficits have been ascribed to a variety of lesions, most commonly arteritis of small vessels [17,26,29,35]. It is our purpose to review the problem of major vessel occlusion in systemic lupus erythematosus and to present three patients in whom this was visualized angiographically. There are no previous reports in the radiologic literature which demonstrate these findings in SLE. Case Reports Case ISystemic lupus erythematosus appeared in this white woman at age 20. The initial manifestation was a malar rash and thrombophlcbitis. Lupus erythematosus (LE) cells were isolated on this occasion. Her symptoms eompletly subsided with small doses of prednisone. During the next year she became pregnant and a severe generalized rash erupted. After a spontaneous abortion, the rash ameliorated and it was possible to start tapering the l...

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“…After the introduction of corticosteroid therapy, the prevalence of autopsy-identified SLE-related myocarditis decreased from 50%–75% [19] to 25%–30% [20]. However, clinically evident lupus myocarditis is identified in less than 10% of patients, showing the high prevalence of subclinical disease [21].…”

Section: Assessing Cardiac Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Croca

Rahman

2012

Clinical and Developmental Immunology

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Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem, autoimmune disease known to be one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerosis. Patients with SLE have an excess cardiovascular risk compared with the general population, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although the precise explanation for this is yet to be established, it seems to be associated with the presence of an accelerated atherosclerotic process, arising from the combination of traditional and lupus-specific risk factors. Moreover, cardiovascular-disease associated mortality in patients with SLE has not improved over time. One of the main reasons for this is the poor performance of standard risk stratification tools on assessing the cardiovascular risk of patients with SLE. Therefore, establishing alternative ways to identify patients at increased risk efficiently is essential. With recent developments in several imaging techniques, the ultimate goal of cardiovascular assessment will shift from assessing symptomatic patients to diagnosing early cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic patients which will hopefully help us to prevent its progression. This review will focus on the current status of the imaging tools available to assess cardiac and vascular function in patients with SLE.

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Acute and Subacute Disseminated Lupus Erythematosus

Cited by 90 publications

References 11 publications

Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis

Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis

Angiographic demonstration of major cerebral vessel occlusion in systemic lupus erythematosus

Imaging Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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