Actual Issues of Modern Digital Vehicle Forensic

Abstract

Today, the development of the automotive industry is associated with the phenomena of electromobility, autonomous vehicles, digitisation and telematics. New vehicles contain a large number of electronic control units which process and preserve digital data on the vehicle's activity and its occupants, including communication with the external environment. This data can also be used for forensic purposes, as described in this paper. Attention is also paid to current trends, problem areas and safety risks. The paper deals with sources, classification, characteristics and uses of digital information in vehicles for forensic purposes from various perspectives, paper describes main problematic issue of Digital Vehicle Forensic. The present-day development, advancement and operation of vehicles is inseparably linked with the introduction of electronic devices and digitisation. As a result of this trend, vehicles process, transmit and save a large quantity of operational data and data connected with the activities of the vehicle's occupants. This trend has a sharply rising character, especially in connection with the development of electric engines and an effort to create and put into operation entirely autonomous vehicles that do not require the active involvement of a driver in order to reach their established destination.

A Systematic Literature Review on Automotive Digital Forensics: Challenges, Technical Solutions and Data Collection

“…In [64], [65], Rak et al provide an introduction to automotive digital forensics and provide examples of a few data sources, e.g., EDR, telematics, keyfobs, ECUs, and cameras.…”

“…Moreover, very few automotive forensic data extraction tools exist, e.g., Berla iVe [95] for infotainment and telematics systems limited to a few brands. Aligned with [31], [64], [65], the lack of security and forensic mechanisms and a framework to guide the forensic process are identified as challenges.…”

A Crime Scene Reconstruction for Digital Forensic Analysis

“…These data can pertain to routes and vehicle events, in the form of access event logs associated with such activities as opening doors and shifting gears as well as odometer and speed records and ignition cycles, and to locations, in the form of navigation information such as track logs, active routes, and previous destinations-all from devices that are connected through USB ports, Bluetooth or wireless networks, and media and communication data (Berla, 2022). A typical vehicle relies on 75 or more computer systems with 150 million or more lines of code and generates some 25 gigabytes of data hourly, and access to it can be essential for investigations to prove successful (Rak and Kopencová, 2020). DVF, also referred to as automotive forensics or car forensics, involves the rapid acquisition and analysis of digital data (or digital evidence) from motor vehicles (Bates, 2019) and the in-depth assessment of the components of vehicles to answer questions about scenarios such as accidents (Thommasone, 2021).…”