Activity of Lipogenic Enzymes and Plasma Triglyceride Levels in the Rat and the Chicken as Determined by the Nature of the Dietary Fat and Dietary Carbohydrate

Bruckdorfer, K. Richard; Karikari, Benjamin; Khan, Islam; Yudkin, John

doi:10.1159/000175385

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In regard to the former, it was shown by Grimble and Dickerson (21) that sucrose reduces the plasma albumin concentration in rats, by Khan (22) that it reduces protein utilisation in rats, and by Coward and Whitehead (23) that it produces the signs of human kwashiorkor in baboons when added to a diet low in protein. As regards the liver, experiments with rats and cockerels have demonstrated changes in the chemical composition of the liver and in the activities of several hepatic enzymes (1,6,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Dietary Starch and Dietary Sucrose in the Pig

Bruckdorfer

Yudkin²

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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Seven litter-mate pairs of male crossbred pigs were fed diets in which 50 % of the dry weight was either corn starch or sucrose for 1 year. Unlike reports of two similar experiments published since our work was carried out, no lesions of the cardiovascular system were found in any of the animals at the end of the experiment. The sucrose-fed animals differed from those fed starch in the following respects: growth was faster during the first 9 weeks of the experiment, but became significantly slower during the remaining 43 weeks, with a less efficient food conversion. The pancreas was about 30 % smaller but with no difference in gross or histological appearance. In the plasma there was a transient increase in concentration of insulin, a decrease in albumin, and a decrease in activities of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase. No significant changes in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, phospholipid or glucose were observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Dietary Starch and Dietary Sucrose in the Pig

Bruckdorfer

Yudkin²

1975

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…sucrose or fructose (13,(16)(17)(18)(19). Other studies have suggested that when diabetic patients are fed high carbohydrate diets composed of solid foods with generous amounts of starch and limited amounts of oligosaccharides, an increase in serum tri glycÃ©ridevalues does not occur (3, [20][21][22].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of High Sucrose or Starch-bran Diets on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism of Normal and Diabetic Rats

Lin

Anderson

1977

The Journal of Nutrition

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Normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats were fed a low carbohydrate diet or one of two high carbohydrate diets (sucrose or starch-bran). High carbohydrate diets were associated with slightly higher plasma glucose levels in both control and diabetic rats. However, glucose tolerance tests were not altered by the diets in either the control or diabetic rats. Plasma and liver triglyceride values for control and diabetic rats fed the high sucrose diet were similar to those of rats fed the low carbohydrate diet. The starch-bran diet was associated with lower plasma and liver triglyceride values in both control and diabetic rats. Plasma triglyceride values of diabetic rats fed the high sucrose diet or the low carbohydrate diet were significantly higher than values of control rats fed the same diets. On the other hand, plasma triglyceride values of diabetic rats fed the starch-bran diet were similar to values for control rats fed the same diet. These studies suggest that a high carbohydrate diet containing starch and wheat bran is associated with a reduction in plasma triglyceride values in both normal and diabetic rats. Liver glycolytic enzyme activities were significantly lower in diabetic rats than in control rats in all three dietary groups.

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“…Feeding with saturated fat rather than polyunsaturated fat can increase the concentration of serum triacylglycerols (MacDonald, 1971;Bruckdorfer et al, 1972;Chait et al, 1974;Waterman et al, 1975). One explanation for this is that the activity of adipose-tissue lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) is increased by feeding with polyunsaturated fat and therefore the circulating triacylglycerol is removed more quickly (Pokrajac & Lossow, 1967;Pawar & Tidwell, 1968;Bagdale et al, 1970;Weisenburg Delorme & Harris, 1975;Cryer et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results in Tables 2, 3 and 4 indicate that the capacity of the liver to synthesize triacylglycerols is increased when rats are fed on diets enriched with triacylglycerols containing predominantly saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. This increased synthesis could also contribute to: (a) the increased liver weight of the lard-fed rats (Table 1) and the accumulation of lipids observed in the livers of rats fed on saturated and monounsaturated fat (Bruckdorfer et al, 1972;Laitinen et al, 1975), and (b) the increased production of very-low-density lipoproteins and the hyperlipidaemia observed during the feeding with saturated compared with polyunsaturated fats (Chait et al, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary carbohydrate and fat on the activities of some enzymes responsible for glycerolipid synthesis in rat liver

Glenny¹,

Bowley²,

Burditt³

et al. 1978

Biochemical Journal

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1. Male rats were fed for 14 days on diets containing (by wt.) 53% of starch, or on diets in which 20% of the starch was replaced by sucrose, corn oil or lard. 2. The hepatic activities of the microsomal glycerol phosphate acyltransferase, dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase, phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase and choline phosphotransferase, and of the soluble phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, were measured. 3. The soluble phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity was higher in those rats fed on lard than in those fed on the starch diet. Choline phosphotransferase activity was higher in the rats fed on corn oil than in those fed on the starch diet. 4. The rate of hepatic glycerolipid synthesis was measured in vivo 1 min after injection of [1,3-3H]glycerol and [1-14C]palmitate into the portal veins. 5. The relative rate of phosphatidylcholine synthesis in vivo was increased after feeding with corn oil and the higher specific activity of choline phosphotransferase may contribute to this result. The equivalent rate of triacylglycerol synthesis was increased by feeding with lard rather than corn oil, and the increased activity of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase may partly explain this. The latter changes probably contribute to the increased concentration of triacylglycerol which other authors have observed in the livers and sera of animals fed on saturated and monounsaturated fats.

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Activity of Lipogenic Enzymes and Plasma Triglyceride Levels in the Rat and the Chicken as Determined by the Nature of the Dietary Fat and Dietary Carbohydrate

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

A Comparison of Dietary Starch and Dietary Sucrose in the Pig

A Comparison of Dietary Starch and Dietary Sucrose in the Pig

Effects of High Sucrose or Starch-bran Diets on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism of Normal and Diabetic Rats

The effect of dietary carbohydrate and fat on the activities of some enzymes responsible for glycerolipid synthesis in rat liver

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