Activity of external hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Sylvia, David M.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(88)90124-1

Cited by 129 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The total EM increased with time and reached about 19 m g -1 in the substrate with +AMF plants at 90 DAT, in all P levels. These data are in agreement with previous works (Abbott et al, 1984;Schubert et al, 1987;Sylvia, 1988;Li et al, 1991), in which the total EM ranged from less than 1 to about 26 m g -1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…At 30 DAT it was about 50% and decreased to 8% at 150 DAT, as reported previously (Schubert et al, 1987;Sylvia, 1988;Cardoso-Filho et al, 1999). As P uptake from soil, by fungal hyphae, is an active mechanism, a reduction of active EM would have a negative effect on P uptake (Sylvia, 1988).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Total EM and active EM always had higher figures in the substrate with +AMF plants, at all P levels, along the experiment. Although some authors (Abbott et al, 1984;Sylvia, 1988;Li et al, 1991) suggested the subtraction of the mycelium estimated in -AMF treatments from their respective +AMF counterparts, both data were presented, because it is quite difficult to distinguish mycorrhizal mycelium from that from other filamentous fungi (Sylvia, 1988;Kabir et al, 1996;. In addition, interactions between AMF and saprophytic fungi are unknown, whether stimulating or inhibiting each other.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substrate was collected to extract and estimate the total EM and active EM (Schubert et al, 1987;Sylvia, 1988;Melloni & Cardoso, 1999a). Ten-gram-samples were added to 1,500 mL of tap water in bursts, and passed afterwards through a 0.71 and 0.25 mm screen sieve to remove bulk debris.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant growth and phosphorus uptake in mycorrhizal rangpur lime seedlings under different levels of phosphorus

Nogueira

Cardoso²

2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) to arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices), under P levels ranging from low to excessive. Plants were grown in three levels of soluble P (25, 200 and 1,000 mg kg -1 ), either inoculated with Glomus intraradices or left noninoculated, evaluated at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after transplanting (DAT). Total dry weight, shoot P concentration and specific P uptake by roots increased in mycorrhizal plants with the doses of 25 and 200 mg kg -1 P at 90 DAT. With 1,000 mg kg -1 P, mycorrhizal plants had a transient growth depression at 90 and 120 DAT, and nonmycorrhizal effects on P uptake at any harvesting period. Root colonization and total external mycelium correlated positively with shoot P concentration and total dry weight at the two lowest P levels. Although the highest P level decreased root colonization, it did not affect total external mycelium to the same extent. As a result, a P availability imbalance affected negatively the mycorrhizal symbiosis and, consequently, the plant growth.Index terms: Citrus, Glomus, active external mycelium, growth depression, rootstock, total external mycelium. Crescimento e absorção de fósforo por plântulas de limão 'Cravo' micorrizadas sob diferentes níveis de fósforoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta do limão 'Cravo' (Citrus limonia) à micorriza arbuscular (Glomus intraradices), com variações de níveis de P de baixo a excessivo. As plantas foram cultivadas em três níveis de P solúvel (25, 200 e 1.000 mg kg -1 ), com inoculação de Glomus intraradices ou sem inoculação, e avaliadas aos 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias depois do transplantio (DAT). A biomassa seca total, a concentração de P na parte aérea, e a absorção específica de P pelas raízes aumentaram nas plantas micorrizadas nas doses de 25 e 200 mg kg -1 de P aos 90 DAT. Na dose de 1.000 mg kg -1 de P, houve depressão transiente de crescimento nas plantas micorrizadas, aos 90 e 120 DAT, e não houve efeito micorrízico sobre a absorção de P em qualquer época de colheita. A colonização radicular e o micélio externo total correlacionaram-se positivamente com a concentração de P na parte aérea e biomassa seca total, nos dois menores níveis de P. Embora o maior nível de P tenha causado redução da colonização radicular, isto não afetou o micélio externo total na mesma extensão. Como resultado, um desequilíbrio na disponibilidade de P afetou negativamente a simbiose micorrízica e, conseqüen-temente, o crescimento da planta.Termos para indexação: Citrus limonia, Glomus intraradices, micélio externo ativo, depressão de crescimento, porta-enxerto, micélio externo total.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant growth and phosphorus uptake in mycorrhizal rangpur lime seedlings under different levels of phosphorus

Nogueira

Cardoso²

2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…As a result, less metabolically active mycorrhizal mycelium would be formed. The amount of TEM found in this experiment was comparable to previous findings (Sylvia, 1988;Cardoso-Filho et al, 1999;Andrade et al, 2005;Nogueira & Cardoso, 2006). Other evaluations for hyphal lengths of filamentous fungi under natural conditions, however, reached even much higher values, up to more than 100 m cm -3 of soil (Miller et al, 1995).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Phosphorus availability changes the internal and external endomycorrhizal colonization and affects symbiotic effectivenes

Nogueira

Cardoso²

2007

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Despite the awareness that high phosphorus (P) availability decreases the mycorrhizal root colonization in higher plants, the effects on the external mycelium are contradicting. The aim of this work was to assess the external mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus intraradices and Gigaspora rosea, associated to soybean under increasing P levels (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg kg -1 ). The tested hypotheses were: a) the amount of external mycelium depends on the fungal species; b) the P levels affect diferentially each mycorrhizal species; c) the mycorrhizal effectiveness depends on the amount of external mycelium. Mycorrhizal stimulus on plant biomass occurred at P levels of 0, 25 and 200 mg kg -1 . Mycorrhizal root colonization and total external mycelium (TEM) decreased with increasing P levels. At zero P level, G. rosea produced less TEM than G. intraradices, which may be related to the lower mycorrhizal effectiveness for G. rosea. Both AMF increased the active external mycelium along P levels, but this increase was not related with symbiotic effectiveness. TEM was found to be closely related to root colonization and mycorrhizal effectiveness. The root colonization and TEM are mutually afected by P availability. Althoug G. intraradices produced more TEM than G. rosea along the P levels, they seemed to affect similarly the TEM for both AMF. More AMF species should be assessed in order to attest whether P levels affect the external mycelium differentially among them. Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, external mycelium, soybean DISPONIBILIDADE DE FÓSFORO ALTERA A COLONIZAÇÃO ENDOMICORRÍZICA INTERNA E EXTERNA E AFETA A EFICIÊNCIA SIMBIÓTICA RESUMO: Apesar do conhecimento de que a disponibilidade de fósforo diminui a colonização micorrízica, os efeitos sobre o micélio externo são contraditórios. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o micélio externo dos fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) Glomus intraradices e Gigaspora rosea, associados à soja, sob doses crescentes de P (0, 25, 50, 100 e 200 mg kg -1 ). As hipóteses foram: a) a quantidade de micélio externo depende da espécie fúngica; b) cada espécie fúngica é afetada diferentemente pelas doses de P; c) a eficiência micorrízica depende da quantidade de micélio externo. Os FMA estimularam a produção de biomassa pela planta nas doses 0, 25 e 200 mg kg -1 de P. A colonização micorrízica e o micélio externo total (MET) diminuíram com o aumento das doses de P. Na dose zero de P, G. rosea produziu menos MET que G. intraradices, o que pode explicar a menor eficiência simbiótica dessa espécie. Ambos FMA apresentaram aumento do micélio externo ativo com o aumento das doses de P, mas isso não teve relação com a eficiência simbiótica. O MET apresentou correlação com a colonização radicular e com a eficiência micorrízica. A colonização radicular e o MET são mutuamente afetados pela disponibilidade de P. Embora G. intraradices tenha produzido mais MET que G. rosea em todas as doses de P, estas afetaram similarmente o MET em ambos FMA. Mais f...

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Hyphal phosphorus transport, a keystone to mycorrhizal enhancement of plant growth

Jakobsen¹,

Joner

Larsen³

1994

Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems

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Activity of external hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Cited by 129 publications

References 19 publications

Plant growth and phosphorus uptake in mycorrhizal rangpur lime seedlings under different levels of phosphorus

Plant growth and phosphorus uptake in mycorrhizal rangpur lime seedlings under different levels of phosphorus

Phosphorus availability changes the internal and external endomycorrhizal colonization and affects symbiotic effectivenes

Hyphal phosphorus transport, a keystone to mycorrhizal enhancement of plant growth

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