Activity of eprinomectin in goats against experimental infections with <i>Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta</i> and <i>Trichostrongylus colubriformis</i>

Chartier, Christophe; Etter, Éric; Pors, I.; Alvinerie, M.

doi:10.1136/vr.144.4.99

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In Brazil, H. contortus is extremely resistant to anthelmintics belonging to various chemical groups. In France, Chartier et al (1999) tested pour-on eprinomectin at 500 μg/kg on goats and detected 100% efficacy against H. contortus and T. circumcincta and 98.2% against T. colubriformis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic action of eprinomectin in lactating Anglo-Nubian goats in Brazil

et al. 2006

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Eprinomectin is the only avermectin approved for use to control gastrointestinal nematodes in lactating cows. Some studies in the USA and Europe have also demonstrated that this drug is highly effective in small ruminants. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of pour-on eprinomectin in Anglo-Nubian goats at the end of lactation. Twenty-four goats were used, naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, and divided into two groups: control and treated with eprinomectin (Eprinex, Merial, pour-on 0.5%) at a dose of 850 microg/kg. Counts were made of the eggs per gram (EPG) of feces, along with coprocultures, on days -7, 0, 4, 8, 11, 15, 18, 22, 25 and 29. The milk production of each group was recorded throughout the experiment. The coprocultures detected 98% Haemonchus contortus and 2% Oesophagostomum. There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in daily milk output between the two groups. Eprinomectin at the tested dosage was not effective (P > 0.05) in reducing the EPG. Positive results would serve as basis for use of an avermectin without residues in dairy goats, providing a scientific basis for greater food safety.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic action of eprinomectin in lactating Anglo-Nubian goats in Brazil

et al. 2006

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“…As regards ecacy, a previous study conducted on non-lactating goats receiving eprinomectin at the recommended dose for cattle (0.5 mg kg )1 ) showed that the ecacy against intestinal nematode populations (Trichostrongylus colubriformis) was less than complete (Chartier et al 1999). That study emphasized the need to adjust the posology from species to species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent results (Chartier et al 1999) have indicated that a dose of 0.5 mg kg )1 applied topically could be considered suboptimal. This study was therefore conducted to determine the plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of eprinomectin and its excretion in the milk of lactating goats after pour-on administration of the normal dose (0.5 mg kg )1 ) and double this dose (1 mg kg )1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eprinomectin in dairy goats: dose influence on plasma levels and excretion in milk

Dupuy¹,

Chartier²,

Sutra³

et al. 2001

Parasitol Res

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The plasma levels and milk excretion of eprinomectin were determined in goats following topical application at doses of 0.5 mg kg(-1) and 1.0 mg kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was 2 times lower for 0.5 mg kg(-1) (8.24 +/- 3.50 ng day(-1) ml(-1)) than for 1.0 mg kg(-1) (15.68 +/- 8.84 ng day(-1) ml(-1)), suggesting that the pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in goats is dose independent. The bioavailability of eprinomectin in lactating compared with non-lactating goats is low. This is probably due to the physiological status of dairy animals, which present a marked decrease in body fat. Comparison of the eprinomectin concentrations in the milk and plasma demonstrated a parallel disposition of the drug with a milk-to-plasma ratio of 0.10-0.25. The amount of drug recovered in the milk was 0.3-0.5% of the total administered dose. In all cases, the maximum level of residue in milk remained below the maximum acceptable level of 30 ng ml(-1) permitted in lactating cattle.

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“…Since goats and sheep may share the same parasite species, mixed grazing of sheep and goats has been evoked as a possible risk factor for the spread and emergence of AR (Coles et al 1996). Moreover, goats have frequently been underdosed, since they, in general, are dosed like sheep or cattle, although they actually need a higher dose rate, particularly as regards BZ and macrocyclic lactone (ML) (Bogan et al 1987; Chartier et al 1999; Hennessy et al 1993; Hennessy and Alvinerie 2002; Sangster et al 1993; Short et al 1987). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Norway

Domke¹,

Chartier

Gjerde

et al. 2012

Parasitol Res

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In the period of 2008–2009, the efficacies of the benzimidazole (BZ) albendazole and the macrocyclic lactone (ML) ivermectin against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of small ruminants were evaluated by means of the fecal egg count reduction (FECR) test and by post-treatment identification of surviving third stage (L3) larvae after coproculture. Sheep (n = 28) and goat (n = 28) flocks from three areas of Norway were randomly selected to assess the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (AR), whereas only lambs from non-randomly selected sheep flocks (n = 32) with a farm management that could select for AR were investigated the second year. Only flocks with a mean excretion of nematode eggs per gram feces (EPG) ≥150 at time of treatment were included in the survey. In total, 48 (80%) and 13 (46.4%) of the selected sheep and goat flocks, respectively, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The proportions of flocks classified as resistant (i.e., FECR <95% and with a lower 95% confidence interval of <90%) for the BZ drug albendazole were 10.5% and 31.0% in the randomly and non-randomly selected sheep flocks, respectively. When restricting the area to Rogaland County, eight flocks out of ten (80%) non-randomly selected sheep flocks showed BZ resistance. The efficacy of ML was 100% in all surveyed sheep and goat flocks. In post-treatment coprocultures from the non-randomly selected flocks, the main nematode genera were Teladorsagia/Trichostrongylus in five flocks, Haemonchus in two flocks, and a mixture of these genera in the remaining two flocks. In the goat flocks, the pre-treatment infection levels of GIN were low compared to what was found in the sheep flocks. Still, in one flock, AR against BZ in Teladorsagia/Trichostrongylus was found. New strategies and recommendations to face the emerging AR situation in Rogaland County in order to limit the spread of resistant nematodes within and into other areas are urgently needed.

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Activity of eprinomectin in goats against experimental infections with Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

Anthelmintic action of eprinomectin in lactating Anglo-Nubian goats in Brazil

Anthelmintic action of eprinomectin in lactating Anglo-Nubian goats in Brazil

Eprinomectin in dairy goats: dose influence on plasma levels and excretion in milk

Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Norway

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