Activity of defense related enzymes and gene expression in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) due to feeding of Helicoverpa armigera larvae

Abstract

The biochemical and molecular basis of the defense in a mild tolerant (ICPL-332) and susceptible (ICPL-87) cultivars of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) due to Helicoverpa. armigera infestation was studied. We found that feeding by the larvae generated H 2 O 2 in a localized manner and activity was observed upto 12 h (hrs) of with a sharp decline within 24 h. Similarly, PPO activity was also detected till 12 h of treatment, which decreased after 24 h of feeding by larvae. The activity of trypsin inhibitor was detected in all the treatments when assayed at 12 and 24 h after larval feeding. The expression of defense genes like the Pre-hevein-like protein PR-4 precursor (PR-4), protease inhibitor/seed storage/LTP family protein (Ltp) were significantly up-regulated in ICPL-332 upon infestation after 12 h as compared to ICPL-87, whereas the endo 1, 4-β-glucanase (Kor-1) gene was expressed in both the cultivars after 24 h of infestation. Both the cultivars varied with respect to the induction of defense-related genes during larval feeding, both the PR-4 and Ltp genes appeared to be important for defense against H. armigera in pigeon pea. Thus, the present study revealed an insight of herbivore-induced biochemical and molecular changes in pigeon pea.

Comparative TMT Proteomic Analysis Unveils Unique Insights into Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) Resistance in Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars

“…This defence mechanism contributes to the enhanced tolerance of the wild pigeonpea in response to any form of tissue damage. Meitei et al [ 32 ] observed similar results on DAB staining on pigeonpea leaves where the tolerant pigeonpea leaves of ICPL 332 had darker DAB staining when compared with the leaves of the susceptible ICPL 87 indicating more accumulation of ROS in ICPL 332. Orozco–Cardenas and Ryan, [ 33 ] also observed that tolerant tomato had darker DAB staining compared to susceptible tomato.…”

Biochemical Response of Chickpea Genotypes as Influenced by Pod Borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)

“…Phenols constitute one of the most common, important and extensively studied groups of compounds with a major role in providing resistance (Sharma et al, 2009;War et al, 2013;War et al, 2015). They act as first line of defense by reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as a result of insect herbivory ultimately leading to the activation of defensive enzymes (Maffei et al, 2007;Meitei et al, 2018).…”

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutation in XSP10 and SlSAMT Genes Impart Genetic Tolerance to Fusarium Wilt Disease of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…After boiling for 3 h in a fixative solution comprising ethanol and acetic acid in a 3:1 ratio, the stained leaf samples were incubated for 1 h in lacto-glycerol solution (lactic acid/glycerol/water, 1:1:1). The leaf samples were kept in microscopic slides and photographed [52]. The presence of H 2 O 2 /mm 2 from WT (control) and CRISPR-edited necrotic leaves was quantified by using Image J software [42].…”