Comparative TMT Proteomic Analysis Unveils Unique Insights into Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) Resistance in Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars

Abstract

Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is an economically important legume playing a crucial role in the semi-arid tropics. Pigeonpea is susceptible to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), which causes devastating yield losses. This pest is developing resistance to many commercially available insecticides. Therefore, crop wild relatives of pigeonpea, are being considered as potential sources of genes to expand the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea to improve traits such as host plant resistance to pests and pathogens. Quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted using the tandem mass tag platform to identify differentially abundant proteins between IBS 3471 and ICPL 87 tolerant accession and susceptible variety to H. armigera, respectively. Leaf proteome were analysed at the vegetative and flowering/podding growth stages. H. armigera tolerance in IBS 3471 appeared to be related to enhanced defence responses, such as changes in secondary metabolite precursors, antioxidants, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. The development of larvae fed on an artificial diet with IBS 3471 lyophilised leaves showed similar inhibition with those fed on an artificial diet with quercetin concentrations with 32 mg/25 g of artificial diet. DAB staining (3,3’-diaminobenzidine) revealed a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species in IBS 3471. We conclude that IBS 3471 is an ideal candidate for improving the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea, including traits for host plant resistance.

Deciphering of Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)] Resistance in Cajanus platycarpus (Benth.) Offers Novel Insights on the Reprogramming and Role of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

“…Some evidence for insect control also exists with kaempferol and naringenin [ 55 , 56 ]. Since there have been reports that have divulged the antibiosis role of flavonols such as kaempferol, rutin, and quercetin, [ 57 ] in the present study, we assessed the effect of anthocyanins and flavanols considering their increased accumulation in the wild relative. There has been no study thus far depicting such a validation on H. armigera.…”

Identification of dynamic microRNA associated with systemic defence against Helicoverpa armigera infestation in Cajanus scarabaeoides

“…32 In a separate study Tandem Mass Tag-label-based comparative analysis of the leaf proteome of C. scarabaeoides and C. cajan revealed accumulation of proteins involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, signalling and secondary metabolites, such as those involved in the polypropanoid pathway, in C. scarabaeoides, leading the authors to conclude that these may be contributing to the resistance mechanism. 33 The miRNAmediated pod borer resistance mechanisms in C. scarabaeoides versus C. cajan have also been reported. 34 However, systemic defence responses and the role of miRNA in regulating these gene expression networks have not been studied.…”

“…cajan revealed accumulation of proteins involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, signalling and secondary metabolites, such as those involved in the polypropanoid pathway, in C . scarabaeoides , leading the authors to conclude that these may be contributing to the resistance mechanism 33 …”

“…30 Different studies carried out in this species revealed effective antibiosis and antixenosis resistance mechanisms to pod borer as well as higher levels of insecticidal proteins in its leaves. 31,33 Transcriptomic responses of C. scarabaeoides to pod borer feeding have revealed key genes and pathways involved in the defence response. 32 In a separate study Tandem Mass Tag-label-based comparative analysis of the leaf proteome of C. scarabaeoides and C. cajan revealed accumulation of proteins involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, signalling and secondary metabolites, such as those involved in the polypropanoid pathway, in C. scarabaeoides, leading the authors to conclude that these may be contributing to the resistance mechanism.…”

Plant Cell and Organism Development 2.0

“…The article by Ngugi-Dawit et al [14] is another study of an important legume, pigeonpea (C. cajanus), that examines the potential of it overcoming its susceptibility to the insect pest H. armigera by transferring the host plant resistance traits from its wild relatives. Using tandem mass spectrometry, the authors performed comparative quantitative analy-ses of the leaf proteomes from the ICPL 87 variety of C. cajanus, which is susceptible, and C. scarabaeoides IBS 3471, which is highly resistant to the pod borer.…”