Activity of Aphi Vectors of Potato Viruses in Arkhangelsk Region

Abstract

To simulate thermal decomposition processes in a gasification plant, a thermodynamic equilibrium model is adopted. The system of equations describing the chemical equilibrium for the gas phase consists of nonlinear algebraic equations in logarithmic form: the law of mass action (dissociation); equations of conservation of matter; an equation that establishes the equality of partial pressures and the number of moles of substances in decomposition products, as well as the equality of the mixture pressure and the total number of moles of substances. In order to verify the results of numerical studies and the adequacy of the mathematical model, experimental studies were carried out. To conduct experimental studies, it is necessary to design a gasification plant in which synthesis reactions of high-calorie fuel gas will be carried out. The key goal of the work was to develop the design of a gasification plant with such parameters that would ensure the processing of all generated waste in the shortest possible time, which include: the volume of the gasification plant, the number of sections of the plant, since the gasification plant operates in a periodic mode. To solve the set goal, it is necessary to start from the stage of mathematical calculations of the necessary geometric characteristics of the main components and elements of the gasification plant. The gasification plant operates intermittently. From the moment of loading the raw materials to unloading the hall, 1 hour passes, and during the reboot period, the second parallel operating unit is put into operation. The volume of the gasification plant is selected based on the daily generated waste (raw materials). In the process of work, it is necessary to observe the operating mode according to two main parameters: the amount of steam supplied should be 0.230 kg/kg of water vapor to the loaded raw material; the temperature in the installation volume is maintained at the level of 1273K. The main design solutions for which it is necessary to carry out preliminary calculations to justify their design are the volume of the gasification plant, the dimensions of the steam nozzle and the geometric characteristics of the plows. Plows serve to intensify heat and mass transfer in the volume of the gasification plant. The steam nozzle is used to distribute water vapor over the area of the grate. The calculation of the volume of the gasification plant serves to justify the number of sections of this plant based on the amount of raw materials to be disposed of, since the plant operates in a periodic mode.