Activity budget, home range, and habitat use of moor macaques (Macaca maura) in the karst forest of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Albani, Alessandro; Cutini, Maurizio; Germani, Lavinia; Riley, Erin P.; Ngakan, Putu Oka; Carosi, Monica

doi:10.1007/s10329-020-00811-8

Cited by 10 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…However, most studies would benefit from estimators that reasonably fit and are suitable for their data (Cumming and Cornélis 2012 ; Walter et al 2015 ). Researchers investigating nonhuman primates often have access to large datasets of highly autocorrelated GPS data (Pebsworth et al 2012 ; Cheyne et al 2019 ; Albani et al 2020 ; Dore et al 2020 ). Using such a dataset, we showed that KDE and BRB produced estimates similar to each other in terms of isopleth area and shape (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimating home ranges sheds light on what habitats are essential for a species and how it might respond to environmental change (Mitani et al 2010 ; Cumming and Cornélis 2012 ; Powell and Mitchell 2012 ; Fieberg and Börger 2012 ). As such, home range estimations are essential for understanding species-specific ecological requirements and implementing management and conservation programs (Fauvelle et al 2017 ; Albani et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home range size in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

et al. 2021

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Ranging behavior has been studied extensively in eastern (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) and western (P. t. verus) chimpanzees, but relatively little is known regarding home ranges of the other two subspecies (P. t. ellioti; P. t. troglodytes). In this study, we determined the home range size and space use of a habituated community (Rekambo) of central chimpanzees living in a habitat mosaic in Loango National Park, Gabon. Data on travel routes were collected during follows between January 2017 and April 2019 (N = 670,616 relocations, collected over 640 days and 5690 h of observation). We used three methods for calculating home range size (minimum convex polygon, kernel density estimation, and biased random bridges). We compare our estimates to those obtained from prior genetic and camera trap studies of the Rekambo community and contrast them with estimates from other chimpanzee communities of the four chimpanzee subspecies. Depending on the methodology used, the home range size of the Rekambo community ranged between 27.64 and 59.03 km2. The location of the center of the home range remained relatively stable over the last decade, while the overall size decreased. The Rekambo home range is, therefore, one of the largest documented so far for chimpanzees outside savannah-woodland habitats. We discuss several explanations, including the presence of savannah, interspecies competition, and intercommunity interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range size in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

et al. 2021

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“…Fine-scale resolution (1 km 2 ) species distribution maps do not exist for the study area and were not therefore included as a conservation feature. Our conservation values included forest types, high carbon storage, and karst ecosystem, the latter being a rare and threatened ecosystem type with high levels of species endemism (Albani et al, 2020;Clements et al, 2006;Coleman et al, 2019;Thomas et al, 2018). The target was met by balancing with the estimated cost of protection in each PU.…”

Section: Conservation Scenarios and Priority Setting Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bolder Conservation Future for Indonesia: Conserving Biodiversity, Carbon And Unique Ecosystem In Sulawesi

Pusparini

Cahyana

Grantham

et al. 2022

Preprint

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As more ambitious protected area (PA) targets for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework is set beyond Aichi Target 11, new spatial prioritisation thinking is required to expand protected areas to maximise different environmental values. Our study focuses on the biodiversity and forest-rich Indonesian island of Sulawesi, which has a terrestrial PA network that covers 10% of the island. We run scenarios to identified areas outside the current PA network and their representativeness of conservation features. We use Marxan to investigate trade-offs in the design of a larger PA network with varying coverage targets (17%, 30%, and 50%) that prioritises forest area, karst ecosystem, and carbon value as conservation features. Our first scenario required PAs to be selected at all times, and it required larger areas to meet these targets than our second scenario, which did not include existing PAs. The vast Mekongga, Banggai, and Popayato-Paguat landscapes were consistently identified as high priorities for protection in the various scenarios. The final section of our analysis used a spatially explicit three-phase approach to achieve this through PA expansion, the creation of new PAs, and the creation of corridors to connect existing PAs. Our findings identified 13,039 km2 of priority areas to be included in the current PA network, potentially assisting Indonesia in meeting the post-2020 GBF target if our approach is replicated elsewhere across Indonesia as a national or sub-national analysis like this study. We discuss various land management options through OECMs and the costs to deliver this strategy.

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“…Finally, the moor macaque population appeared to be mainly threatened by the lack of protected areas in the species' range and by the increasing impact of anthropogenic activities on macaques in all the areas surveyed, including illegal poaching and poisoning (Supriatna et al, 1992). Moor macaques have been mainly found in resource abundant lowland forests (Albani et al, 2020;Li & Rogers, 2005) and, at lower densities, in karst areas (Lee et al, 2020). In the last decade, however, the moor macaque geographical range has become largely restricted to karst areas (Albani et al, 2020;Supriatna et al, 2020), likely because these areas are less accessible and thus less impacted by anthropogenic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Anthropogenic Activities on the Population of Moor Macaques (Macaca maura) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Forest loss due to anthropogenic activities is one of the main causes of plant and animal species decline. Studying the species’ population status (i.e., density, abundance, and geographic distribution) on a regular basis is one of the main tools to assess the effect of anthropogenic activities on wildlife, to monitor population dynamics and to intervene with effective conservation strategies when the population of an endangered species declines. On Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, anthropogenic activities, such as agriculture, are decreasing the remaining natural habitats available for several endemic and endangered species. The effect of this forest loss on the threatened moor macaques (Macaca maura) in South Sulawesi is unknown, and data on the population status of this species are needed to design effective conservation strategies. To assess the population status of the moor macaques, we walked linear transects (N = 29, survey effort = 114 km) at six sites between November 2019 and March 2020 to estimate macaque population density and encounter rate. We tested the effect of anthropogenic activities on macaque encounter rate. Our global density estimate (24 individuals/km2) was lower than the overall estimate from the most detailed survey conducted on this species, which covered its whole geographic distribution (36.1 individuals/km2). However, these results should be interpreted with caution because the previous density estimate falls within the confidence intervals of our estimate. Furthermore, we found regional declines in moor macaque encounter rates in at least two sites compared with previous studies. We found a high presence of anthropogenic activity in the forests inhabited by macaques. Moor macaques were less abundant in open areas with no forest (i.e., clear cuttings) than in forested areas, and in the presence of nonspecies-specific hunting traps (i.e., wire-loop traps). Moreover, moor macaques were more abundant in areas with a higher presence of humans and domestic animals. Overall, our data suggest that the population of this species may be declining in certain regions but further surveys are needed to corroborate whether this is occurring across the entire geographic distribution.

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Activity budget, home range, and habitat use of moor macaques (Macaca maura) in the karst forest of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Home range size in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

Home range size in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

A Bolder Conservation Future for Indonesia: Conserving Biodiversity, Carbon And Unique Ecosystem In Sulawesi

Effect of Anthropogenic Activities on the Population of Moor Macaques (Macaca maura) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

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