Activities of Liquid Pb&amp;ndash;In Alloys by E.M.F. Measurements Using Zirconia Solid Electrolyte Cells

Kameda, Kazuo; Yoshida, Yoshio; Sakairi, Senzi

doi:10.2320/matertrans1960.23.433

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thus, the IB metals have around 2.5 outer electrons and 8. (8). His theory seems also to supply an interesting suggestion for the present results shown in Figs.…”

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confidence: 71%

Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Silver-Tin Alloys

Kameda

1987

Trans. JIM

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Thermodynamicproperties in liquid Ag-Sn alloys have been determined for Nsn=0.27-0.80 over the temperature range of 636-983 K, by the following emf method by means of a galvanic cell using fused salt electrolytes:-W/Sn(1)/SnCI2 in KCI+LiCl/Ag-Sn(1)/W +.Activities of tin at 973 K exhibit negative deviations for silver-rich regions and positive for tin-rich regions from Raoult's law, and as, values agree well with the determinations of Chowdhury et al. Activities of silver exhibit negative deviations from Raoult's law over the whole concentration range. It has been observed that the activities of both components have intimate relations with the phase diagram of this system, suggesting that the strongly concentration dependence is connected with the exly Nsn=0.65-0.70, and possibly also at Nsn=0.55 by the determinations of Laurie et al. are difficult to rationalize. The thermodynamic properties of liquid alloys composed of IB metals (Cu, Ag and Au) and tin have been discussed in terms of the alloy solution theory of Engel. Namely, the activities and the heats of mixing for liquid alloys seem to be consistently explained on the assumption that the filling of d shell is incomplete for the IB metals as well as the transition metals, whereas it is complete for tin.The activities and the heats of mixing of liquid Cu-Sn and Ag-Sn alloys are quite different from those of the liquid Au-Sn system, in which the activities show considerably negative deviations and the heats of mixing are exothermic, in the whole concentration range, owing to larger differences of electronegativity factor in the gold alloys.

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“…Thus, the IB metals have around 2.5 outer electrons and 8. (8). His theory seems also to supply an interesting suggestion for the present results shown in Figs.…”

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confidence: 71%

Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Silver-Tin Alloys

Kameda

1987

Trans. JIM

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“…Kameda et al [101] studied the thermodynamic properties of liquid alloys in the Pb-In system by the electromotive-force method with a solid electrolyte having oxygen conductivity (ZrO 2 ). The theory of the method was considered in the monograph [11].…”

Section: Lead-indium Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic properties of dilute solutions of various elements in liquid lead

Морачевский

2014

Russ J Appl Chem

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Published evidence about the thermodynamic properties of dilute solutions of various elements in liquid lead are reviewed. Particular attention is given to the characteristic impurities in lead smelted both from ores and from secondary raw materials and also to alkali and alkaline-earth metals whose behavior is of interest for electrolysis processes with a liquid lead cathode. In experimental data processing, the activity coeffi cient of a component at infi nite dilution was estimated by using, when necessary, the analytical representation of the concentration dependence of thermodynamic functions and various graphical extrapolation procedures.

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“…The free energies DG of melting in the system under study in the temperature range 9503 1073 K are much lower than the free energies DG id for ideal solutions. The absolute value of DG in a maximum point for each curve increases from 2.8 kJ mol 31 at 950 K to 3.8 kJ mol 31 at 1073 K, and the DG E values corre- (1, 2, 3) ,G E ; (4, 5, 6) ,G; and (7,8,9) ,G id . The shape of the DG plots against the composition of In 1 3x Pb x melts is asymmetrical.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Thermodynamic parameters of indium3lead melts were earlier determined by electrochemical methods [8,9]. In the present work we studied the composition of vapor over In3Pb melts in the range 0.130.9 mole fraction by high-temperature differential mass-spectrometry in the temperature range 78031050 K. Peaks of In + , In 2 + and Pb + and Pb 2 + ions were detected in the mass spectra of vapor over melts of individual indium and lead, respectively, in the temperature range 7803 1050 K. To determine the nature of the ions, their appearance energies were measured by the method of vanishing ion current, using silver as external reference [10].…”

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confidence: 99%