Actively controllable terahertz switches with graphene-based nongroove gratings

Luo, Lin‐Bao; Wang, Kui-Yuan; Ge, Cai-Wang; Guo, Kai; Shen, Fei; Yin, Zhiping; Guo, Zhongyi

doi:10.1364/prj.5.000604

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The actively tunable properties, via electrostatic gating without changing the device structures, enable the graphene with a wide potential application in various tunable terahertz and infrared devices. Recently, many graphene-based tunable plasmonic devices including waveguides, modulators, switches, absorbers, and biosensors have been studied [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. For example, Liu et al first experimentally demonstrated single-and double-layer graphene optical waveguide modulator by integrating the graphene layer(s) on a Si substrate with the attenuation modulation of ~0.1-0.16 dB/μm [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide for highly efficient broadband mid-infrared propagation and modulation

Ye¹,

Sui²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, a graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide is proposed for highly efficient broadband surface plasmon polariton (SPP) propagation and modulation at mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectrum. The hybrid plasmonic waveguide is composed of a monolayer graphene sheet in the center, a polysilicon gating layer, and two inner dielectric buffer layers and two outer parabolic-ridged silicon substrates symmetrically placed on both sides of the graphene. Owing to the unique parabolic-ridged waveguide structure, the light-graphene interaction and subwavelength SPPs confinement of the fundamental SPP mode for the hybrid waveguide can be significantly increased. Under the graphene chemical potential of 1.0 eV, the proposed waveguide can achieve outstanding SPP propagation performance with long propagation length of 12.1-16.7 μm and small normalized mode area of ~10 in the frequency range of 10-20 THz, exhibiting more than one order smaller in the normalized mode area while remaining the propagation length almost the same level with respect to the hybrid plasmonic waveguide without parabolic ridges. By tuning the graphene chemical potential from 0.1 to 1.0 eV, we demonstrate the waveguide has a modulation depth greater than 51% for the frequency ranging from 10 to 20 THz and reaches a maximum of nearly 100% at the frequency higher than 18 THz. Benefitting from the excellent broadband mid-IR propagation and modulation performance, the graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide may open up a new way for various mid-IR waveguides, modulators, interconnects and optoelectronic devices.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide for highly efficient broadband mid-infrared propagation and modulation

Ye¹,

Sui²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The real part of the effective mode index decreases as the voltage bias

increases, causing the reduction of SPs’ mode confinement. In addition, the imaginary part also decreases sharply as

increases, which indicates that the propagation loss of SPs decreases [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Hence, it is expected that the longer propagation distance of the SPs occurs at a larger bias voltage.…”

Section: Theory and Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actively Tunable Terahertz Switches Based on Subwavelength Graphene Waveguide

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As a new field of optical communication technology, on-chip graphene devices are of great interest due to their active tunability and subwavelength scale. In this paper, we systematically investigate optical switches at frequency of 30 THz, including Y-branch (1 × 2), X-branch (2 × 2), single-input three-output (1 × 3), two-input three-output (2 × 3), and two-input four-output (2 × 4) switches. In these devices, a graphene monolayer is stacked on the top of a PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate methacrylic acid) dielectric layer. The optical response of graphene can be electrically manipulated; therefore, the state of each channel can be switched ON and OFF. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the transmission direction can be well manipulated in these devices. In addition, the proposed devices possess advantages of appropriate ON/OFF ratios, indicating the good performance of graphene in terahertz switching. These devices provide a new route toward terahertz optical switching.

show abstract

“…Recently, the concept of tunable metamaterials has been established to control the optical properties though different mechanisms, including mechanically stretchable system [30], semiconductors [31], and phase change materials [32]. Among them, graphene is of particular interests owing to the remarkable electrical and optical properties which mainly originate from exceptional Dirac cone-type band structure [33][34][35][36]. Co mpared with other method, graphene provides the gate voltage tenability of metamaterials with short response time and subwavelength interaction with electromagnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Integrated Plasmonics Metasurface for Active Controlling Artificial Second Harmonic Generation

Guo

2020

IEEE Access

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plas monics has developed tremendously in recent years owing to its significant performance in enhanced nonlinear optical emission. However, p lasmonic structures have predefined geometry, lacking flexib ility for active control of the art ificial nonlinear signal. In this paper, we nu merically investigate active control of second harmonic generation (SHG) fro m p lasmonic metasurface based on magnetic Lorentz force. The unit element of designed plasmonic metasurface consists of a gold split ring resonator and a bismuth bar, and integrated with graphene layer. By varying the Fermi energy of graphene fro m 0.2 eV to 1.0 eV, we achieve a 17.2 THz shift of the second harmonic frequency. In addition, it is demonstrated that the range of SHG frequency shift can be further enlarged by increasing the number of graphene layer. Our results pave the way for applications in generation of continuous laser source, optical commun ications and signal processing.

show abstract

Actively controllable terahertz switches with graphene-based nongroove gratings

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

Graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide for highly efficient broadband mid-infrared propagation and modulation

Graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide for highly efficient broadband mid-infrared propagation and modulation

Actively Tunable Terahertz Switches Based on Subwavelength Graphene Waveguide

Graphene-Integrated Plasmonics Metasurface for Active Controlling Artificial Second Harmonic Generation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About