Active power control of solar PV generation for large interconnection frequency regulation and oscillation damping

Abstract

Summary Because of zero greenhouse gas emission and decreased manufacture cost, solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is expected to account for a significant portion of future power grid generation portfolio. Because it is indirectly connected to the power grid via power electronic devices, solar PV generation system is fully decoupled from the power grid, which will influence the interconnected power grid dynamic characteristics as a result. In this paper, the impact of solar PV penetration on large interconnected power system frequency response and inter‐area oscillation is evaluated, taking the United States Eastern Interconnection (EI) as an example. Furthermore, based on the constructed solar PV electrical control model with additional active power control loops, the potential contributions of solar PV generation to power system frequency regulation and oscillation damping are examined. The advantages of solar PV frequency support over that of wind generator are also discussed. Simulation results demonstrate that solar PV generations can effectively work as ‘actuators’ in alleviating the negative impacts they bring about. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An efficient single‐sensor global maximum power point tracking method for partially shaded photovoltaic battery chargers

“…where, P best local best g best global best v(n) velocity at iteration n v (n + 1) updated velocity p(n) position at iteration n p (n + 1) new position c 1 local experience factor c 2 global experience factor r 1 random value r 2 random value w weight of inertia During the PSO optimization process, the maximum number of iteration (iter max ) and the size of population are chosen to be 10 and 5, respectively. Whereas, the weights of local experience and global experience are taken the same value of 1 in addition to 0.4 for the weight of inertia.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] Right now, the current situation of the energy sources, used in the power generation, is showing severe problems in many types of energy sources. [1][2][3][4] Right now, the current situation of the energy sources, used in the power generation, is showing severe problems in many types of energy sources.…”

Grid-connected photovoltaic power plants: A review of the recent integration requirements in modern grid codes

“…69 Over the recent days, the distribution generators such as PVPPs have been replacing these conventional generators slowly. 73,74 The APC had been defined in the German GC, which stipulated that when the network frequency exceeds 50.2 until 51.5 Hz, PVPPs have to reduce the generated active power (P) with a gradient of 40% per Hertz of the available PV power, as illustrated in Figure 10. 44,71,72 Thus, some of the modern GCs require the next generation of PV inverters to provide the capability of frequency control with a view to ensure network stability.…”

“…In addition, in some countries, the APC is left to the transmission or distribution system operators, such as South Africa. 73,74 The APC had been defined in the German GC, which stipulated that when the network frequency exceeds 50.2 until 51.5 Hz, PVPPs have to reduce the generated active power (P) with a gradient of 40% per Hertz of the available PV power, as illustrated in Figure 10. In case the frequency is under 50.05 Hz, the available active power must rise again without delay.…”

“…94,95 On the other hand, the research concerning full APC for PV system is at an early stage, whereas the PV inverter with this capability control has not been commercially developed. 74,96 The theory, incentives, and application of APC capability control in PV system have been studied in a previous work. 73 It can be concluded that, as the APC regulations are imposed by the modern GCs, this topic is still a fertile field to be developed by PV manufacturers, researchers, and developers.…”