Active filter solutions in energy systems

Abstract

Recent developments in power electronics have increased the usage of nonlinear loads in energy systems.With increases in the usage of semiconductor-sourced nonlinear loads, the adverse effects of harmonics-sensitive loads (e.g., protection control circuits and circuit breakers) have also increased. Generally, the negative effects of harmonics in power systems include the following: increased power losses; motor, generator, and transformer overheating; faulty operation of measurement and protection systems; lifetime shortening of electrical components; and parallel and series resonance problems. Therefore, harmonics has become a serious problem in current power electronics systems. However, harmonics can be reduced, particularly through drainage using filters. In this study, some power losses were detected in different facilities in the city of Van, Turkey, on the basis of the variable measurements (e.g., instantaneous electrical values, harmonics, flow, and voltage waveforms) obtained using ZERA MT 310 power analyzers. The harmonics causing these power losses were examined. Some simulation results for active filters were evaluated, and the overall effects of the harmonics are discussed. Shunt active power filter (SAPF) simulation was conducted using Simplorer 6.0, which is known to produce successful results in power electronics simulation applications. SAPF simulation requires the use of measurement points. This utilization of SAPF simulation has demonstrated that voltage drop and power loss in power distribution systems can be reduced. However, it was found that owing to their structure, semiconductor components produce harmonics and consume power.

Passive Filter Solutions and Simulation Performance in Industrial Plants

“…The condensers in the system were chosen as to work at 440 V. According to this the values of inductions are 3.06 mH and the capacity of condensers can be chosen up to 3x66 µF values. The inductions at these values when attached in series to compensation as separate for each face, this filter is able to be created [3]. …”

“…The aim of harmonic filters is to reduce the negative effects of harmonics in current or voltage. There are two types of harmonic filters as Passive and Active filters [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…There happens some deviations from comple sine wave due to some elements attached to power system and events as a result of them. Deviation from complete sine wave is generally defined with out coming of components named as harmonic [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Reducing the effects of harmonics on the electrical power systems with passive filters

“…Passive filters consisted of variable connection types of passive circuit elements, have been used for long years and they are still used as they are economical. Passive LC filters used to filter harmonics and to increase power factor of load, have some disadvantages in that they have resonance risk, harmonics increase so much depending on resonance and that they occupy a large place (Rüstemli, S. et al, 2014). A traditional single-tuned passive harmonic filter design adapts a single unit trap tuned at a specific harmonic frequency.…”

A novel perturbed particle swarm optimization-based support vector machine for fault diagnosis in power distribution systems

“…As a large number of connections are present in any distribution system, systems are highly susceptible to various types of electrical short-circuit faults. These electrical faults not only interrupt the electrical power supply, but may also severely damage the system [1,2]. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the fault and classify its type in order to guarantee the reliability of the system [3].…”