Active faulting within the offshore western Gulf of Corinth, Greece: Implications for models of continental rift deformation

McNeill, Lisa C.; Cotterill, C.; Henstock, T.; Bull, Jonathan M.; Stefatos, A.; Collier, Richard E. Ll.; Papatheoderou, G.; Ferentinos, G.; Hicks, S.E.

doi:10.1130/g21127.1

Cited by 83 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…These surfaces are interpreted as transgressive Holocene surfaces developed on top of thick paleodeltas, probably built during the LGM lowstand. Such an interpretation is in agreement with previously published studies (Chronis et al, 1991;Collier et al, 2000;McNeill et al, 2005a;Cotterill, 2006;Lykousis et al, 2007a;Sakellariou et al, 2011). North of the Trizonia Scarp, below these deltas, an older fluvio-deltaic system located 38 to 50 m below R1 is identified ( Fig.…”

Section: Seismic Stratigraphysupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies have been devoted to the mapping of offshore faults in the Gulf of Corinth (Stefatos et al, 2002;Moretti et al, 2003;McNeill et al, 2005a;Lykousis et al, 2007a;Sakellariou et al, 2007aSakellariou et al, , 2007bBell et al, 2008Bell et al, , 2009Taylor et al, 2011;Charalampakis et al, 2014). This study at the western tip of the Gulf results in the completion of the fault map, up to the Rion sill to the west (Fig.…”

Section: Along Strike Changes In Rift Structure and Rift Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our seismic lines tie with Bell et al's (2009) data set, therefore a direct correlation with our data set is possible and allows to estimate the age of our Ford et al (2009Ford et al ( , 2013, Palyvos et al (2005Palyvos et al ( , 2008, Flotté et al (2005), and references therein. Main offshore faults from Flotté et al (2005) for the Gulf of Patras, this study, McNeill et al (2005a), Bell et al (2008), and Taylor et al (2011 for the Western and Central Gulf of Corinth. Isobaths from Bell (2008).…”

Section: Data Acquisition and Fault Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used published bathymetric data to check if any of the identified faults had significant morphological expression at the seafloor and to identify the main sediment pathways (McNeill et al, 2005a;Cotterill, 2006;Nomikou et al, 2011). Because these data do not cover the whole study area, especially to the west, we also interpolated the seafloor depth data from the seismic lines (Fig.…”

Section: Data Acquisition and Fault Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the tectonic controls on the rifting, it might result from the extension in the back-arc region of the Aegean subduction zone, enhanced by the interaction with the western tip of the North Anatolian Fault (Armijo et al, , 2004Jolivet, 2001;Hubert-Ferrari et al, 2003;Kokkalas et al, 2006;Reilinger et al, 2010;Pérouse et al, 2012). Except for its Western tip, i.e., west of the town of Aigion, the structure and evolution of the offshore rifting has been reconstructed based on seismic reflection data (Stefatos et al, 2002;Leeder et al, 2002;Moretti et al, 2003;McNeill et al, 2005a;Lykousis et al, 2007a;Sakellariou et al, 2007aSakellariou et al, , 2007bBell et al, 2008Bell et al, , 2009Taylor et al, 2011;Charalampakis et al, 2014). These studies have highlighted a complex basin structure (Bell et al, 2009) characterized by significant along strike variations associated to changes in the inherited basement fabric (Taylor et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active faulting at the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth, Greece, from high-resolution seismic data

et al. 2015

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International audienceThe Gulf of Corinth is one of the fastest-spreading intra-continental rifts on Earth. GPS data indicate that the rift is currently opening in a NNE-SSW direction, with a rate of extension reaching up to 16 mm yr (super - 1) in its westernmost part. Although the rest of the offshore rift has been well studied, the western tip of the rift is still poorly explored. We present an accurate map of submarine faults in this area based on two high-resolution seismic reflection surveys (single-channel sparker). In the eastern part of the studied area, the sedimentary infill is affected by the known North Eratini, South Eratini, and West Channel faults. Further to the west, the seafloor is mostly flat and is bounded to the north by the normal, south-dipping, Trizonia fault. To the north, the shallower part of the Gulf shows to the east a diffuse pattern of normal and strike-slip deformation, which is replaced to the west by a 7.5 km long SE striking strike-slip fault zone, called the Managouli fault zone. To the westernmost tip of the Gulf, in the Nafpaktos Basin, two fault sets with different strikes are encountered; the one with a NE-SW strike exhibits a clear strike-slip component. The western tip of the Gulf of Corinth is the only part of the Corinth Rift where convincing evidence for strike-slip movement has been found. This fault pattern is likely related to the complex deformation occurring at the diffuse junction at the western tip of the Rift between three crustal blocks: Continental Greece, Peloponnese, and the Ionian Island-Akarnania block

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Section: Seismic Stratigraphysupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Along Strike Changes In Rift Structure and Rift Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Acquisition and Fault Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Acquisition and Fault Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active faulting at the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth, Greece, from high-resolution seismic data

et al. 2015

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Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece

et al. 2016

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The Corinth Rift, central Greece, enables analysis of early rift development as it is young (<5 Ma) and highly active and its full history is recorded at high resolution by sedimentary systems. A complete compilation of marine geophysical data, complemented by onshore data, is used to develop a high-resolution chronostratigraphy and detailed fault history for the offshore Corinth Rift, integrating interpretations and reconciling previous discrepancies. Rift migration and localization of deformation have been significant within the rift since inception. Over the last circa 2 Myr the rift transitioned from a spatially complex rift to a uniform asymmetric rift, but this transition did not occur synchronously along strike. Isochore maps at circa 100 kyr intervals illustrate a change in fault polarity within the short interval circa 620-340 ka, characterized by progressive transfer of activity from major south dipping faults to north dipping faults and southward migration of discrete depocenters at~30 m/kyr. Since circa 340 ka there has been localization and linkage of the dominant north dipping border fault system along the southern rift margin, demonstrated by lateral growth of discrete depocenters at~40 m/kyr. A single central depocenter formed by circa 130 ka, indicating full fault linkage. These results indicate that rift localization is progressive (not instantaneous) and can be synchronous once a rift border fault system is established. This study illustrates that development processes within young rifts occur at 100 kyr timescales, including rapid changes in rift symmetry and growth and linkage of major rift faults.

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Numerical modeling of tidal notch sequences on rocky coasts of the Mediterranean Basin

et al. 2017

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Tidal notches have had the potential to form at sea level from ~6.5 kyr B.P. in the Mediterranean Basin and preserve a symmetrical shape comparable to a quadric polynomial. Continuous erosion, predominantly by biological agents, affects a limestone cliff face from low‐ to high‐tide level at <1 mm/yr. Statically determined, the roots of a quadric polynomial are defined by the tidal range representing the limits of effective erosion. However, gradual variations of eustatic sea level rise (slow) and coseismic uplift/subsidence (fast) in tectonically active regions contribute to vertical shifts in the erosional base at coastlines. As a consequence, the cliff morphology gets modified through time resulting in widening, deepening, and separation of notches and possible overprinting of older features. In order to investigate successive modifications of coastal cliff morphology, we developed a numerical model that considers the erosion rate, the erosion zone relative to sea level, the regional sea level curve, and tectonic motion. The results show how slow and rapid sea level changes bias the modern cliff face and highlight that the present‐day notch sequence from top descending to sea level is not inevitably of decreasing age. Furthermore, the initiation of notch formation is not necessarily linked to the date of a certain seismic event. Especially in extensional tectonic settings where coseismic uplift is low and coastal morphological marks are not as distinct, knowledge about coastal evolution is beneficial for paleoseismological research.

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Active faulting within the offshore western Gulf of Corinth, Greece: Implications for models of continental rift deformation

Cited by 83 publications

References 16 publications

Active faulting at the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth, Greece, from high-resolution seismic data

Active faulting at the western tip of the Gulf of Corinth, Greece, from high-resolution seismic data

Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece

Numerical modeling of tidal notch sequences on rocky coasts of the Mediterranean Basin

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