Active chinese mistletoe lectin-55 enhances colon cancer surveillance through regulating innate and adaptive immune responses

Abstract

Our results demonstrate that ACML-55 therapy can enhance function in immune surveillance in colon cancer-bearing mice through regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses.

Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cancer

“…TCM, with a long history of treating various diseases through modulating the human immune response, offers a potential to be a remedy of the new immunomodulating regimen for cancer treatment. They exert broad immunostimulatory activities by recruiting and activating different types of immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DC), natural killer (NK) T-cells, T cells, macrophage, monocytes (54)(55)(56) and adjusting the production of cytokines (IFN-α, IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-γ) (54,57,58) to fight against the tumor cells.…”

The role of nutraceutical proteins and peptides in apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer cells

“…In colon cancer cells (COLO), mistletoe lectin induced apoptosis via activation of caspases and decreased expression of antiapoptotic proteins [124] attributed to apoptosis via TNF receptor 1. Administration of active Chinese mistletoe lectin (ACML) delayed colon cancer development in a mouse model through regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses [125]. ACML was able to enhance antigen-specific activation and proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as NK and γδT cells.…”

Mistletoe alkaloid fractions alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis through inhibition of hepatic stellate cell activation via TGF-β/Smad interference

“…It is also composed mainly of mistletoe lectins (Olsnes et al, 1982;Li et al, 1995;Gong et al, 2001Gong et al, , 2007, viscotoxins (Lee et al, 1992;Park et al, 1998;Kong et al, 2004), alkaloids (Khwaja et al, 1986) and several other low molecular proteins, flavonoids, oligo-and poly-saccharides, thionin and others (Franz et al, 1981;Jordan and Wagner., 1986;Kong et al, 1988Kong et al, , 1992Khwaja and Manjikian, 1990;Li et al, 2002;Urech et al, 2006). Chinese mistletoe lectins showed 91% of identity to European mistletoe lectins at primary structure level and in its biological activity (Kong et al, 2004;Ma et al, 2008). While the mistletoe lectins have been studied intensively, less is known about the mistletoe alkaloids.…”