Active and Passive Properties of Canine Abduction/Adduction Laryngeal Muscles

Abstract

SummaryActive and passive characteristics of the canine adductor-abductor muscles were investigated through a series of experiments conducted in vitro. Samples of canine posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA), lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA), and interarytenoid muscle (IA) were dissected from dog larynges excised a few minutes before death and kept in Krebs-Ringer solution at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C and a pH of 7.4 ± 0.05. Active twitch and tetanic force was obtained in an isometric condition by applying field stimulation to the muscle samples through a pair of parallel-plate platinum electrodes. Force and elongation of the samples were obtained electronically with a dual-servo system (ergometer). The results indicate that the twitch contraction times of the three muscles are very similar, with the average of 32 ± 1.9 ms for PCA, 29 ± 1.6 ms for LCA, and 32 ± 2.4 ms for IA across all elongations. Thus, PCA, LCA, and IA muscles are all faster than the cricothyroid (CT) muscles but slower than the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscles. The tetanic force response times of these muscles are also similar, with a maximum rate of force increase of 0.14 N/ms.

The Relationship Between Tongue Trill Performance Duration and Vocal Changes in Dysphonic Women

“…This bundle is constituted mainly of type II muscle fibers, which allow fast contraction and little resistance to fatigue. [28][29][30] These findings suggest that 7-minute duration of tongue trill performance is excessive and tends to harm the voice instead of bringing positive effects. The vocal worsening at this moment may be regarded as vocal fatigue, because it causes negative adaptation after the voice's lengthy use in such a situation.…”

Peripheral mechanisms for vocal production in birds – differences and similarities to human speech and singing

“…Laryngeal muscles for which data are available are characterized as very fast (Alipour et al, 2005; Hast, 1966; 1967), but do not reach such high contraction/relaxation rates as syringeal muscles in songbirds (Elemans et al, 2008a). Bird motor systems for song production appear to be specialized for high temporal performance with comparatively high respiratory and syringeal modulation rates.…”

Sensitivity of Elastic Properties to Measurement Uncertainties in Laryngeal Muscles With Implications for Voice Fundamental Frequency Prediction

“…1 into Eq. 4, the dependence of E TAN on the same parameters is known, (7) B. Theoretical Sensitivity to Measurement Errors E SEC and E TAN (from the relations above) are affected linearly by errors in ρ and m, but to second power by errors in L 0 .…”

“…A canine cricothyroid (CT) muscle fiber bundle was prepared for use in an experimental setup as described in Alipour et al 7 ( Figure 1). In summary, standard dissection equipment was used to dissect and prepare a CT muscle bundle sample.…”

“…Mathematical models of vocal fold posturing 1,2 and phonation [3][4][5][6] are based on biomechanical description of laryngeal muscles 7,8 and other tissues (i.e., the vocal ligament and mucosa). One biomechanical property is tissue elasticity, which is often quantified by Young's Modulus, a ratio between longitudinal stress and strain.…”