Activation of cellulase cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) in scCO2

Podrepšek, Gordana Hojnik; Knez, Željko; Leitgeb, Maja

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104629

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Previous studies have found that an increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentration can improve the growth and metabolic level of plants. As a result, the types and quantities of plant metabolic secretions change, thus indirectly affecting soil enzyme activity; moreover, the change of CO 2 concentration will cause the change of pH value, which will indirectly affect the activity of soil enzymes [55]. In this study, after 35 days of mineralization, the urease activity of soil treated with 5% BSB biochar was significantly lower than that treated with 5% CSB biochar, which may be related to different organic carbon components and different enzyme performance differences [56].…”

Section: Effects Of Soil Enzyme Activity On Soil Organic Carbon Minermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Types of Straw Biochar on the Mineralization of Soil Organic Carbon in Farmland

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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To investigate the effects of biochar on soil carbon composition and transformation, the effects of 1%, 2%, and 5% mass ratios of banana and cassava straw biochar on carbon dioxide release, total organic carbon (TOC), soluble organic carbon (SOC), and enzyme activity in soil were studied in incubation experiments at a constant temperature in the laboratory. The results showed that the cumulative CO2 emissions from cassava straw were 15.82 (1% addition ratio) and 28.14 μg·kg−1 (2%), which were lower than those from banana straw, i.e., 46.77 (1%) and 59.26 μg·kg−1 (2%). After culture, the total organic carbon contents of cassava straw were 8.55 (5%), 5.27 (2%), and 3.98 μg·kg−1 (1%), which were higher than those of banana straw, i.e., 6.31 (5%), 4.23 (2%), and 3.16 μg·kg−1 (1%). The organic carbon mineralization rate in each treatment showed a trend of increasing first, then decreasing, and finally stabilizing. There was a very significant positive correlation between catalase and urease activity in soil with cassava straw biochar and between catalase activity and SOC mineralization with banana straw biochar. It plays an important role in the transformation and decomposition of organic carbon. These results show that the application of biomass carbon can significantly improve the organic carbon content and enzyme activity of farmland soil, increase the cumulative mineralization amount and mineralization rate of SOC, and thus increase the carbon sequestration capacity of soil.

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Section: Effects Of Soil Enzyme Activity On Soil Organic Carbon Minermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Types of Straw Biochar on the Mineralization of Soil Organic Carbon in Farmland

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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“…The residual activity of PPO (%) was defined as the ratio between the enzyme activity of the untreated flour and the enzyme activity of scCO 2 -treated flour. The percentage of residual activity in the graham flour was calculated, using Equation (3) from Hojnik Podrepšek et al [ 15 ]

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During such treatment, food is in contact with pressurized CO 2 [ 14 ]. Moreover, the conditions when using scCO 2 are above the critical temperature and critical pressure (31.1 °C, 73.8 bar) [ 15 , 16 ]. Further, CO 2 is an environmentally friendly solvent that is ideal for food processing [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on Graham Flour Enzyme Polyphenol Oxidase Activity

2020

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Graham flour is a form of whole wheat flour made by grinding the endosperm and is thus also the most nutritious. Generally, the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) catalyzes two different reactions in the presence of molecular oxygen: the hydroxylation of monophenols to ortho-diphenol and the oxidation of o-diphenol to o-quinone. The purpose of the work was to inactivate PPO activity to extend the shelf life of graham flour and at the same time preserve all the of its high-quality properties. The influence of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) treatment on PPO activity in graham flour was investigated. First, graham flour was exposed to scCO2 conditions, then the proteins were extracted, and in the last step the concentration of total proteins and the specific activity of the PPO enzyme were determined by spectrophotometric assay. PPO activity decreased with an increase in treatment pressure. Furthermore, the flour quality characteristics that meet all needs for wheat end-use products after scCO2 treatment have been preserved. No major changes in the structure of the granulate or shape of the flour particles were observed. A slightly reduced value of the moisture content in scCO2-treated graham flour also implies an extension of the shelf life.

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“…The cross linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA's) is a type of immobilization without application of any carrier. In CLEAs, cellulase is crosslinked with glutaraldehyde for obtaining active and stable enzyme preparation (Podrepšek et al 2019). An immobilized cellulase on amino-functionalized MNPs (Fe 3 O 4 @ mSiO 2 -NH 2 ) using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent by Schiff base formation showed efficient prevention in enzyme leaking and improvement in enzyme activity (Fang et al 2016).…”

Section: Cross-linking Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspective on production and applications of microbial cellulases: a review

Bhardwaj

Kumar

Agrawal

et al. 2021

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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The potential of cellulolytic enzymes has been widely studied and explored for bioconversion processes and plays a key role in various industrial applications. Cellulase, a key enzyme for cellulose-rich waste feedstock-based biorefinery, has increasing demand in various industries, e.g., paper and pulp, juice clarification, etc. Also, there has been constant progress in developing new strategies to enhance its production, such as the application of waste feedstock as the substrate for the production of individual or enzyme cocktails, process parameters control, and genetic manipulations for enzyme production with enhanced yield, efficiency, and specificity. Further, an insight into immobilization techniques has also been presented for improved reusability of cellulase, a critical factor that controls the cost of the enzyme at an industrial scale. In addition, the review also gives an insight into the status of the significant application of cellulase in the industrial sector, with its techno-economic analysis for future applications. The present review gives a complete overview of current perspectives on the production of microbial cellulases as a promising tool to develop a sustainable and greener concept for industrial applications.

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Activation of cellulase cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) in scCO2

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of Two Types of Straw Biochar on the Mineralization of Soil Organic Carbon in Farmland

Effects of Two Types of Straw Biochar on the Mineralization of Soil Organic Carbon in Farmland

The Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on Graham Flour Enzyme Polyphenol Oxidase Activity

Current perspective on production and applications of microbial cellulases: a review

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