Activated Omentum Slows Progression of CKD

Abstract

Stem cells show promise in the treatment of AKI but do not survive long term after injection. However, organ repair has been achieved by extending and attaching the omentum, a fatty tissue lying above the stomach containing stem cells, to various organs. To examine whether fusing the omentum to a subtotally nephrectomized kidney could slow the progression of CKD, we used two groups of rats: an experimental group undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy only and a control group undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy and complete omentectomy. Polydextran gel particles were administered intraperitoneally before suture only in the experimental group to facilitate the fusion of the omentum to the injured kidney. After 12 weeks, experimental rats exhibited omentum fused to the remnant kidney and had lower plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels; less glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial injury, and extracellular matrix; and reduced thickening of basement membranes compared with controls. A fusion zone formed between the injured kidney and the omentum contained abundant stem cells expressing stem cell antigen-1, Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1), and CD34, suggesting active, healing tissue. Furthermore, kidney extracts from experimental rats showed increases in expression levels of growth factors involved in renal repair, the number of proliferating cells, especially at the injured edge, the number of WT-1-positive cells in the glomeruli, and WT-1 gene expression. These results suggest that contact between the omentum and injured kidney slows the progression of CKD in the remnant organ, and this effect appears to be mediated by the presence of omental stem cells and their secretory products.

Characterisation of Cultured Mesothelial Cells Derived from the Murine Adult Omentum

“…In recent years, findings by several groups have supported the notion that mesothelial cells isolated from adult rodents have regenerative potential [ 2 – 5 ]. Mesothelial cells constitute a simple squamous epithelium that lines the coelomic cavities as parietal mesothelium and surrounds the organs within coelomic cavities as visceral mesothelium.…”

Contribution of Autologous Omentum Transposition to the Regeneration of Renal Injuries in the Rat Model

“…Contrary to our results, Garcia-Gomez et al reported omentum was effective in treatment of kidney injuries, as was alternative source of adult stem cells. In the context of the use of omentum, progression to CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) could be reduced in this rat model (11). But in this research kidney injuries were large capacity as like 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy.…”

“…But, they can live very short time in the tissue, if they are injected into the target.In many studies, the omentum has been used to wrap the injured tissue and has been shown to be useful. According to the results of the research, the progression to the chronic kidney failure has been shown to more slowly in subtotal nephrectomies that are covered by omentum (11). This is a unique contribution in the context of nephron-sparing.…”

Embryonic Stem Cells-loaded Gelatin Microcryogels Slow Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Garcia-Gomez et al . [ 27 ] showed that 6 weeks after 5/6 NPX, fusing the polydextran gel particle activated omentum to the remnant kidney resulted in higher creatinine clearance and lower plasma creatinine/urea nitrogen levels. Our results showed that the pedicled omentum packing ESC-loaded GMs on the 5/6 nephrectomized kidney exhibited significantly lower plasma creatinine/urea nitrogen levels at 4 weeks, which was an earlier time frame.…”