Activated carbons of varying pore structure eliminate the bioavailability of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin to a mammalian (mouse) model

Abstract

The use of activated carbon (AC) as an in situ sorbent amendment to sequester polychlorinated-dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) present in contaminated soils and sediments has recently gained attention as a novel remedial approach. This remedy could be implemented at much lower cost while minimizing habitat destruction as compared to traditional remediation technologies that rely on dredging/excavation and landfilling. Several prior studies have demonstrated the ability of AC amendments to reduce pore water concentrations and hence bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs in invertebrate species. However, our recent study was the first to show that AC had the ability to sequester 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in a form that eliminated bioavailability to a mammalian (mouse) model. Here we show that three commercially available ACs, representing a wide range of pore size distributions, were equally effective in eliminating the bioavailability of TCDD based upon two sensitive bioassays, hepatic induction of cyp1A1 mRNA and immunoglobulin M antibody-forming cell response. These results provide direct evidence that a wide range of structurally diverse commercially available ACs may be suitable for use as in situ sorbent amendments to provide a cost-effective remedy for PCDD/F contaminated soils and sediments. Potentially, adaption of this technology would minimize habitat destruction and be protective of ecosystem and human health.

Effects of Curcumin on Bioavailability of Dioxin-Like Pollutants in Rats

“…Additionally, the changes in the bioavailability of other PCBs were not signi cant (t-test, p > 0.05). Except for the high bioavailability of PCB169 and PCB126, no apparent changes in the bioavailability were found with variations in the number of substituted chlorine atoms (4)(5)(6)(7)(8), and the intervention of curcumin did not alter the bioavailability change patterns of PCBs (Fig. 4).…”

“…[5] Taking in mineral oil, activated carbon and rice bran can alleviate the body burden of dioxins. [6] Curcumin, a natural medicine containing phenolic and quinone groups, exerts protective effects against such toxic effects as oxidative stress, humoral immunosuppression and gastric mucosal injury in rats induced by 2,3,7,8-TeCDD. [7] It is currently believed that the detoxi cation mechanism of curcumin in 2,3,7,8-TeCDD is mainly realized through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated pathways.…”

Contaminated aquatic sediments

“…They noted a decrease in denitrification, an increase in pH and a depletion of natural organic carbon. Sallach et al (2019) tested the degree to which activated carbon of three different ranges of pore sizes can be used to remediate sediment. All three types of activated carbon used significantly reduced the bioavailability of dioxin in the sediment.…”

Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats

“…Chlorella pyrenoidosa can facilitate the excretion of 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin (HpCDD) in feces and reduce its accumulation in the mouse liver 5 . Administration of mineral oil, activated carbon, and rice bran can alleviate the toxic effects of dioxins 6 .…”