Action of Xylanases on Chemical Pulp Fibers Part I : Investigations Gn Cell-Wall Modifications

Mora, Fernando Cobos; Comtat, J.; Barnoud, F.; Pla, Fernand; Noé, Pierre

doi:10.1080/02773818608085221

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The role of xylans in fiber properties was studied using xylanases from Sporotrichium dimorphosporum in the treatment of fully bleached spruce sulfite and birch kraft pulps. Electron microscopic examination revealed external fibrillation and good flexibility of fibers, implying internal modification (Mora et al, 1986). The water retention value, which describes fiber swelling, was considerably increased.…”

Section: Fiber Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry

1999

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The pulp and paper industry processes huge quantities of lignocellulosic biomass every year. The technology for pulp manufacture is highly diverse, and numerous opportunities exist for the application of microbial enzymes. Historically, enzymes have found some uses in the paper industry, but these have been mainly confined to areas such as modifications of raw starch. However, a wide range of applications in the pulp and paper industry have now been identified. The use of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry has grown rapidly since the mid 1980s. While many applications of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry are still in the research and development stage, several applications have found their way into the mills in an unprecedented short period of time. Currently the most important application of enzymes is in the prebleaching of kraft pulp. Xylanase enzymes have been found to be most effective for that purpose. Xylanase prebleaching technology is now in use at several mills worldwide. This technology has been successfully transferred to full industrial scale in just a few years. The enzymatic pitch control method using lipase was put into practice in a large-scale paper-making process as a routine operation in the early 1990s and was the first case in the world in which an enzyme was successfully applied in the actual paper-making process. Improvement of pulp drainage with enzymes is practiced routinely at mill scale. Enzymatic deinking has also been successfully applied during mill trials and can be expected to expand in application as increasing amounts of newsprint must be deinked and recycled. The University of Georgia has recently opened a pilot plant for deinking of recycled paper. Pulp bleaching with a laccase mediator system has reached pilot plant stage and is expected to be commercialized soon. Enzymatic debarking, enzymatic beating, and reduction of vessel picking with enzymes are still in the R&D stage but hold great promise for reducing energy. Other enzymatic applications, i.e., removal of shives and slime, retting of flax fibers, and selective removal of xylan, are also expected to have a profound impact on the future technology of the pulp and paper-making process.

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Section: Fiber Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry

1999

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“…such as ethanol or lactate from plant biomass (Lamed et al, 1988), bio-bleaching of paper pulps (Mora et al, 1986 ;Noe! et al, 1986 ;Viikari et al, 1994 ;Wong et al, 1996), animal feed additives ( Annison, 1992 ;Classen, 1996) and breadmaking (Maat et al, 1992 ;Rouau et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermobacillus xylanilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new aerobic thermophilic xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from farm soil.

Touzel¹,

O’Donohue²,

Debeire³

et al. 2000

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…Consistently with this, reduction in interfibre bonding has been observed after treatment of pulps with xylanases [30,31]. The xylanases of Sporotrichum dimorphospomm were found to increase the external fibrillation and flexibility of fibres in the treatment of fully bleached spruce sulphite and birch kraft pulps [32]. The water retention value, which describes fibre swelling, was reported to be considerably increased [30].…”

Section: Modification Of Hemicelluloses During Kraft Pulpingmentioning

confidence: 53%

Xylanases in bleaching: From an idea to the industry

Viikari

Kantelinen

Sundquist³

et al. 1994

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

573

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The utilization of hemicellulases in bleaching of kraft (sulphate) pulp is considered as one of the most important new large‐scale industrial applications of enzymes. This is partly due to the great potential of an environmentally safe method. This method has in a short period also proven to be economically realistic. The main enzymes needed in the enzyme‐aided bleaching have been shown to belong to the group of endo‐/gb‐xylanases. Xylanases act mainly on the relocated, reprecipitated xylan on the surface of the pulp fibres. Enzymatic hydrolysis of this specific type of xylan renders the structure of the fibres more permeable. The hydrolysis of xylan or mannan in the inner fibre layers may also enhance the bleachability. In practical process conditions, properties of the enzymes such as substrate specificity and the pH and temperature optima are of utmost importance. The benefits obtained by enzymes are dependent on the chemical bleaching sequence used as well as on the residual lignin content of pulp. The main goals in the enzyme‐aided bleaching of kraft pulps have been the reduction of consumption of chlorine chemicals in the bleaching process and consequently lowering the AOX of the effluents. Enzymes have been applied as a pretreatment both in conventional (C/D)EDED and in ECF (elementary chlorine‐free) bleaching sequences. In the production of TCF (totally chlorine‐free) pulps, enzymes have also been successfully used for increasing the brightness of pulp.

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Action of Xylanases on Chemical Pulp Fibers Part I : Investigations Gn Cell-Wall Modifications

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Thermobacillus xylanilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new aerobic thermophilic xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from farm soil.

Xylanases in bleaching: From an idea to the industry

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