Actinomycetoma pedis caused byNocardia caviaein India

Mycetoma caused by Nocardia caviae in the first Brazilian patient

“…Nocardia caviae has been identified as the causative agent for disease on the foot, 5,7,8 knee, 6 trunk, 9 and leg 9 …”

“…Nocardia species account for about half of the mycetomas cited in the world literature. N. brasiliensis is the organism most frequently found associated with mycetoma; N. caviae is only rarely reported to be the isolated causative agent 5–11 …”

Role of L-forms of Nocardia caviae in the development of chronic mycetomas in normal and immunodeficient murine models

“…Mycetomas occur worldwide; however, they are most frequently recognized in Central and South America, Central and Northern Africa, and India (18,32,(35)(36)(37). Mycetomas are occasionally diagnosed in the United States (4,22,23).…”

“…The most frequent etiologies of this disease are the Actinomycetales (18,35). Nocardia brasiliensis causes most actinomycetomas; however, Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia caviae also are important etiological agents (1,18,32,(35)(36)(37). N. caviae was first identified as a pathogen in guinea pigs by Snijders (34) in 1924; however, it was not recognized as causing disease in humans until 1965 (17,24).…”

“…The spectrum of disease varies from pulmonary and systemic nocardiosis to mycetomas, and from acute, fulminating infection to chronic, progressive tissue destruction. Nevertheless, 51.7% of all reported infections caused 894 BEAMAN AND SCATES by N. caviae in humans are mycetomas (1,4,10,11,21,31,37).…”