Actinomadura bangladeshensis sp. nov. and Actinomadura chokoriensis sp. nov.

Abstract

The taxonomic position of two soil isolates, 3-46-b(3) T and 3-45-a(11) T , was clarified based on data from a polyphasic study. The organisms showed a combination of chemotaxonomic and morphological properties typical of the genus Actinomadura. They formed distinct phyletic lines in the Actinomadura 16S rRNA gene tree and were closely associated with the type strains of Actinomadura meyerae (sequence similarity of 98.3-98.5 %), Actinomadura napierensis (98.1-98.3 %) and Actinomadura latina (96.4-96.8 %). The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the new isolates was 99.1 %. The level of DNA-DNA hybridization between strains 3-46-b(3) T and 3-45-a(11) T was 43.6 % and levels of relatedness between the two new isolates and the type strains of A. meyerae and A. napierensis were 21.0-27.3 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties, the new isolates could be differentiated from each other and from their closest phylogenetic relatives. It is proposed that the organisms be classified as representing two novel species of the genus Actinomadura. The names proposed for these taxa are Actinomadura bangladeshensis sp. nov. [type strain 3-46-b(3) T 5JCM 13933 T 5MTCC8057 T ] and Actinomadura chokoriensis sp. nov. [type strain 3-45-a(11) T 5JCM 13932 T 5MTCC8056 T ].The application of chemosystematic, numerical phenetic and molecular systematic methods has clarified the taxonomy of the genus Actinomadura and related taxa (Poscher et al., 1985;Kroppenstedt et al., 1990;Ochi et al., 1991;Trujillo & Goodfellow, 1997Quintana et al., 2003a;Lee & Jeong, 2006;Le Roes & Meyers, 2007 (Henssen, 1957;Zhang et al., 2001). Members of these genera form distinct phyletic lines in trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences (Zhang et al., 1998(Zhang et al., , 2001) and can be distinguished from one another by using a combination of biochemical, chemical, morphological and physiological features (Zhang et al., 1998(Zhang et al., , 2001Trujillo & Goodfellow, 2003). At the time of writing, the genus Actinomadura encompasses 37 recognized species, which can be delineated based on a combination of genotypic and phenotypic data (Kroppenstedt & Goodfellow, 1991;Zhang et al., 2001;Lu et al., 2003;Lee & Jeong, 2006;Le Roes & Meyers, 2007).As part of a screening programme for antibiotic-producing actinomycetes, strains 3-46-b(3) T and 3-45-a(11) T were isolated from sandy soil collected at Chokoria, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. The two strains showed morphological characteristics typical of the genera Actinomadura and Nonomuraea. Here we describe the characterization and classification of these strains and propose that they represent two novel species of the genus Actinomadura.Bacterial strains were isolated by using the standard dilution plate method and were grown on humic acid-vitamin agar (Hayakawa & Nonomura, 1987) supplemented with cycloheximide (50 mg l 21 ), nystatin (50 mg l 21 ) and A neighbour-joining tree based on nearly-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the relationships between strains 3-46-b(3) T , 3-45-a(11) T a...

Identification and Antimicrobial Properties of Malaysian Mangrove Actinomycetes

“…Indeed, the mangrove environment may become a priceless natural source that can be discovered for novel actinomycetes which potentially produce new chemical structures [42] of bioactive compounds. The isolation of marine actinomycetes from mangrove soils has been reported by [5], [8], [26]. In fact, novel actinomycete, Streptomyces xiamenensis was successfully isolated from the mangrove sediment in Fujian Province, China [27] and Actinomadura maheshkaliensis isolated from mangrove rhizosphere soil in Maheshkhali, Bangladesh [8].…”

“…This ecosystem is situated at the interphase between the terrestrial and marine environment and supports a rich and diverse group of microorganisms [1]. There is evidence that mangrove soils contain high populations of diverse actinomycetes [5], [6] and some of them were identified as novel actinomycetes [7], [8].…”

Actinomadura meridiana sp. nov., isolated from mountain soil

“…Poor growth occurs . All of the data were taken from this study, except for the morphological properties of A. bangladeshensis (Ara et al, 2008), A. chokoriensis (Ara et al, 2008) and A. pelletieri (Meyer, 1989). All of the strains were aerobic, Gram-positive-staining, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative.…”

Actinomadura xylanilytica sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil

“…A. bangladeshensis DSM 45347 T and Actinomadura chokoriensis JCM 13932 T , for instance, share high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (99.5 %, 7 nt differences) but have a DNA-DNA relatedness of only 43.6±2.3 % (mean±SD of four determinations; Ara et al, 2008). Similarly, the type strain of Actinomadura geliboluensis A8036 T shares 99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strain of A. meyerae DSM 44715 T but a DNA-DNA relatedness value of only 19.5 % (Sazak et al, 2012).…”