Acrylated betulin as a comonomer for bio-based coatings. Part I: Characterization, photo-polymerization behavior and thermal stability

Auclair, Nicolas; Kaboorani, Alireza; Riedl, Bernard; Landry, Véronic

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.020

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…AESO/COPERAA resins had lower hardness, thermal stability than AESO/TMPTA resins due to the longer and softer fatty acid chains. Similar designs have been reported by Auclair et al [46,47]; they selected AC-grafted betulin as a comonomer for preparing AESO coatings with preferable performance (Figure 3c).…”

Section: Novel Monomers Synthesized From Renewable Materialssupporting

confidence: 70%

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A Review on Styrene Substitutes in Thermosets and Their Composites

Fei

Qiu

et al. 2019

Polymers

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In recent decades, tremendous interest and technological development have been poured into thermosets and their composites. The thermosets and composites with unsaturated double bonds curing system are especially concerned due to their versatility. To further exploit such resins, reactive diluents (RDs) with unsaturated sites are usually incorporated to improve their processability and mechanical properties. Traditional RD, styrene, is a toxic volatile organic compound and one of the anticipated carcinogens warned by the National Institute of Health, USA. Most efforts have been conducted on reducing the usage of styrene in the production of thermosets and their composites, while very few works have systematically summarized these literatures. Herein, recent developments regarding styrene substitutes in thermosets and their composites are reviewed. Potential styrene alternatives, such as vinyl derivatives of benzene and (methyl)acrylates are discussed in details. Emphasis is focused on the strategies on developing novel RD monomers through grafting unsaturated functional groups on renewable feedstocks such as carbohydrates, lignin, and fatty acids. This review also highlights the development and characteristics of RD monomers and their influence on processability and mechanical performance of the resulting thermosets and composites.

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Section: Novel Monomers Synthesized From Renewable Materialssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Synthesis routes of ( a ) CA, ( b ) COPERAA and ( c ) acrylated betulin from cardanol, castor oil and betulin with AC [44,45,46,47]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Styrene Substitutes in Thermosets and Their Composites

Fei

Qiu

et al. 2019

Polymers

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“…degradation, starts at about 250°C in the 100BIO sample. The degradation temperature of AESO is stated between 250 to 300°C in the literature [52,53].…”

Section: Instrumental Analyses Dsc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid bio-based composites from blends of epoxy and soybean oil resins reinforced with jute woven fabrics

Ozkur

Sezgin

Akay

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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In our world, where environmental factors are taken into consideration more and more, the interest in biomaterials leaves its place to the need and this leads the researchers to search for new materials. The aim of this study is to produce an environmentally friendly, sustainable material with the use of a plant oilbased bio-resin (acrylated epoxidized soybean oil). In this context, bio-composites containing different proportions (from 0 to 100 wt%, in 10% increments) of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) and epoxy resin are reinforced with four-ply jute woven fabric and produced by the vacuum infusion method. The bio-composites produced within the scope of the study analyzed physically (fiber weight ratio), mechanically (tensile strength, flexural strength, drop-weight impact resistance, and Charpy impact strength), instrumentally (differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and morphologically (scanning electron microscopy). According to the results, the tensile and flexural strength values of the composites containing more than 30 wt% AESO resin decrease due to the ductility of the structure; subsequently, composites with AESO content above 50 wt% are found to exhibit superior impact resistance. Composites with pure AESO resin absorb 7 J energy which is almost 3 times higher than pure epoxy composites. The maximum tensile strength (63 MPa) of composites are achieved for 30 wt% AESO content indicating the newly formed hydrogen bonding leading to enhanced fiber-matrix interface. The bio-composites designed and produced in the project have been a promising alternative for various end-use areas, from construction elements to the automotive sector and sports equipment, where human health and environmental elements are considered.

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“…Several studies have investigated the use of bio-based reactive diluents for vegetable oil-based resins, such as cardanyl acrylate [ 16 ], acrylated betulin [ 17 ], glycidyl methacrylate [ 18 ], and tung oil-based methacrylate [ 11 ]. In addition to bio-based reactive diluents that are still not enough to achieve high performances in terms of mechanical performance, many studies have demonstrated the high potential of using bio-based fillers to enhance the mechanical characteristics of the materials while complying with the green concept of advanced biocomposites [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Nanocrystals vs. Cellulose Nanofibers: A Comparative Study of Reinforcing Effects in UV-Cured Vegetable Oil Nanocomposites

et al. 2021

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There is an opportunity to use nanocellulose as an efficient renewable reinforcing filler for polymer composites. There have been many investigations to prove the reinforcement concept of different nanocellulose sources for thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. The present comparative study highlighted the beneficial effects of selecting cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and nanocrystals (CNCs) on the exploitation properties of vegetable oil-based thermoset composite materials—thermal, thermomechanical, and structural characteristics. The proposed UV-light-curable resin consists of an acrylated epoxidized soybean oil polymer matrix and two different nanocellulose reinforcements. High loadings of up to 30 wt% of CNFs and CNCs in irradiation-cured vegetable oil-based thermoset composites were reported. Infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated developed hydrogen-bonding interactions between the nanocellulose and polymer matrix. CNCs yielded a homogeneous nanocrystal dispersion, while CNFs revealed a nanofiber agglomeration in the polymer matrix, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Thermal degradation showed that nanocellulose reduced the maximum degradation temperature by 5 °C for the 30 wt% CNC and CNF nanocomposites. Above the glass transition temperature at 80 °C, the storage modulus values increased 6-fold and 2-fold for the 30 wt% CNC and CNF nanocomposites, respectively. In addition, the achieved reinforcement efficiency factor r value for CNCs was 8.7, which was significantly higher than that of CNFs of 2.2. The obtained nanocomposites with enhanced properties show great potential for applications such as UV-light-processed coatings, adhesives, and additive manufacturing inks.

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Acrylated betulin as a comonomer for bio-based coatings. Part I: Characterization, photo-polymerization behavior and thermal stability

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

A Review on Styrene Substitutes in Thermosets and Their Composites

A Review on Styrene Substitutes in Thermosets and Their Composites

Hybrid bio-based composites from blends of epoxy and soybean oil resins reinforced with jute woven fabrics

Cellulose Nanocrystals vs. Cellulose Nanofibers: A Comparative Study of Reinforcing Effects in UV-Cured Vegetable Oil Nanocomposites

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