Acrosome and chromatin integrity, oxidative stress, and expression of apoptosis-related genes in cryopreserved mouse epididymal spermatozoa treated with L-Carnitine

Rezaei, Nourollah; Mohammadi, Moslem; Mohammadi, Hamidreza; Khalatbari, Alireza; Zare, Zohreh

doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.03.006

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the same year, the other study also presented that the use of cryoprotectants could improve sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, DNA integrity, FR, and quality of embryo [43]. Rezaei N et al demonstrated that the addition of cryoprotectants could improve the quality of frozen-thawed epididymal sperm in mouse, which was characterized by decreasing the level of ROS and expression of Bax, and increasing the mitochondrial activity and expression of Bcl-2 [44]. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider that epididymal sperm may be greatly affected by cryopreservation in men with OA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact on using cryopreservation of testicular or epididymal sperm upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in men with obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu

Xie

Linzhi

et al. 2020

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact on using cryopreservation of testicular or epididymal sperm upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in men with obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu

Xie

Linzhi

et al. 2020

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…Rezaei et al. (2020) reported that LC (2.5 or 5 mM) supplementation to the freezing extender improved the post‐thawed epididymal spermatozoa of mice via an increase in the levels of MMP as well as significant reduction of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Rezaei et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rezaei et al. (2020) suggested that LC has a potential role as an energy supplier and facilitator of the transport of activated fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix for β‐oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of addition of l‐carnitine to cryopreservation extender on rabbit post‐thaw semen parameters, antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and ultrastructure changes

Abdelnour

Hassan

El‐Ratel

et al. 2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

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l‐Carnitine (LC) is considered to be a natural antioxidant agent that could be used to improve the efficiency of reproduction. However, the precise machinery of the effect of LC supplementation on frozen–thawed rabbit sperm has not been evaluated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of LC to a freezing medium on parameters and ultrastructure changes in frozen–thawed rabbit sperm. Rabbit bucks (7 months of age) were involved, and semen was collected using the artificial vagina method. Pooled rabbit semen was cryopreserved in a tris yolk fructose extender without any supplement (LC0, control group) or with LC at levels of 1, 2 or 4 mM (LC1, LC2 and LC4, respectively). The samples were then loaded into 0.25‐ml straws and frozen over liquid nitrogen vapours before being plunged into the liquid nitrogen and stored at −196°C until evaluation. Data showed that the addition of LC significantly increased sperm motility, viability and membrane function, while sperm abnormalities decreased (p < .001). Sperm‐like apoptosis (early, late and necrosis spermatozoa) was lower in the LC4 group compared with the other groups. l‐Carnitine addition significantly enhanced the total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide activities and significantly reduced the protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde levels compared with the control group. Moreover, electron microscopy images demonstrated that LC addition (2 or 4 mM) preserved the acrosome and plasma membrane and protected the ultrastructure integrity of the cryopreserved spermatozoa in relation to the control group. Spermatozoa treated with LC exhibited higher mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) values compared with the control group. We conclude that the addition of LC (4 mM) to the freezing extender enhanced the quality, increased the antioxidant capabilities, preserved the ultrastructure integrity and reduced lipid and protein peroxidation as well as increased MMP activity of frozen–thawed rabbit sperm.

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“…In semen of normozoospermic individuals, myoinositol supplementation during cryopreservation significantly increased the antioxidant capacity, although this treatment did not affect ROS levels [ 109 ]. Additionally, in mice sperm, L-carnitine supplementation decreased the ROS and protein carbonylation levels produced after thawing [ 110 ]. Further analysis showed that antioxidants ameliorate the motility, viability, and DNA integrity impairments of sperms that could be reflected in increased fertility rates [ 111 , 112 ].…”

Section: Molecular Alterations In Cryopreserved Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcriptomic alterations also have been reported in cryopreserved sperm from other mammals. Bax upregulation and Bcl2 downregulation were related to enhanced apoptosis in cryopreserved mice sperm [ 110 ]. In boar, cryopreservation increased mRNA levels of FTO and decreased METTL3 , METTL14 , ALKBH5 , and YTHDF2 , which are transcripts involved in the posttranscriptional mRNA modification mediated by N6-methyladenosine [ 127 ].…”

Section: Molecular Alterations In Cryopreserved Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of Gametes and Embryos and Their Molecular Changes

Estudillo

Jiménez

Bustamante-Nieves

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The process of freezing cells or tissues and depositing them in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C is called cryopreservation. Sub-zero temperature is not a physiological condition for cells and water ice crystals represent the main problem since they induce cell death, principally in large cells like oocytes, which have a meiotic spindle that degenerates during this process. Significantly, cryopreservation represents an option for fertility preservation in patients who develop gonadal failure for any condition and those who want to freeze their germ cells for later use. The possibility of freezing sperm, oocytes, and embryos has been available for a long time, and in 1983 the first birth with thawed oocytes was achieved. From the mid-2000s forward, the use of egg vitrification through intracytoplasmic sperm injection has improved pregnancy rates. Births using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have some adverse conditions and events. These risks could be associated with ART procedures or related to infertility. Cryopreservation generates changes in the epigenome of gametes and embryos, given that ART occurs when the epigenome is most vulnerable. Furthermore, cryoprotective agents induce alterations in the integrity of germ cells and embryos. Notably, cryopreservation extensively affects cell viability, generates proteomic profile changes, compromises crucial cellular functions, and alters sperm motility. This technique has been widely employed since the 1980s and there is a lack of knowledge about molecular changes. The emerging view is that molecular changes are associated with cryopreservation, affecting metabolism, cytoarchitecture, calcium homeostasis, epigenetic state, and cell survival, which compromise the fertilization in ART.

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Acrosome and chromatin integrity, oxidative stress, and expression of apoptosis-related genes in cryopreserved mouse epididymal spermatozoa treated with L-Carnitine

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Impact on using cryopreservation of testicular or epididymal sperm upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in men with obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact on using cryopreservation of testicular or epididymal sperm upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in men with obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of addition of l‐carnitine to cryopreservation extender on rabbit post‐thaw semen parameters, antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and ultrastructure changes

Cryopreservation of Gametes and Embryos and Their Molecular Changes

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