Acrolein consumption induces systemic dyslipidemia and lipoprotein modification

Abstract

Aldehydes such as acrolein are ubiquitous pollutants present in automobile exhaust, cigarette, wood, and coal smoke. Such aldehydes are also constituents of several food substances and are present in drinking water, irrigation canals, and effluents from manufacturing plants. Oral intake represents the most significant source of exposure to acrolein and related aldehydes. To study the effects of short-term oral exposure to acrolein on lipoprotein levels and metabolism, adult mice were gavage fed 0.1 to 5 mg acrolein/kg bwt and changes in plasma lipoproteins were assessed. Changes in hepatic gene expression related to lipid metabolism and cytokines were examined by qRT-PCR analysis. Acrolein feeding did not affect body weight, BUN, plasma creatinine, electrolytes, cytokines or liver enzymes, but increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. Similar results were obtained with apoE-null mice. Plasma lipoproteins from acrolein-fed mice showed altered electrophoretic mobility on agarose gels. Chromatographic analysis revealed elevated VLDL cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides levels with little change in LDL or HDL. NMR analysis indicated shifts from small to large VLDL and from large to medium-small LDL with no change in the size of HDL particles. Increased plasma VLDL was associated with a significant decrease in post-heparin plasma hepatic lipase activity and a decrease in hepatic expression of hepatic lipase. These observations suggest that oral exposure to acrolein could induce or exacerbate systemic dyslipidemia and thereby contribute to cardiovascular disease risk.

Effects of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. in cyclophosphamide induced dyslipidaemia in albino rats

“…In some studies, it was proved that acrolein can exerts detrimental effects in adult mice heart tissues through apoptotic cell death. 2,3 Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. belongs to the family Convolvulaceae.…”

Activator Protein-1 Regulation of Murine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1a1

“…The daily human consumption of unsaturated aldehydes is estimated to be Ϸ5 mg/kg b.wt. No hepatocellular damage was observed in mice exposed to this dose of acrolein (Conklin et al, 2010), indicating that 5 mg/kg b.wt. is a sublethal concentration of acrolein.…”

Acrolein-induced inflammatory signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells requires activation of serum response factor (SRF) and NFκB

“…Acrolein, an environmental pollutant has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer ' s disease, diabetes and hypertension [1] . The compound has been classified by the Environmental Protection Agency as a high-priority air and water pollutant [2] .…”