Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica (Bazex Syndrome) Presenting in a Patient with Metastatic Breast Carcinoma: Possible Etiologic Role of Zinc

Taher, Muba; Grewal, Parbeer; Gunn, Beth; Tonkin, Katia; Lauzon, Gilles J.

doi:10.2310/7750.2007.00015

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Mainly Caucasian males in their forties are affected . The findings in this systematic review support this fact.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Since then, atypical psoriasiform skin lesions serve as cutaneous markers for an extracutaneous malignant tumour. APB is associated mostly with SCCs of the aerodigestive tract and metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy but various other malignancies, too . Due to the rareness of this disease, there are mostly case reports documented in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) – a systematic review on risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and management

Räßler

Goetze

Elsner

2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica Bazex (Bazex syndrome) is a rare paraneoplastic skin disease defined by erythematous, violaceous, scaly plaques on the hands and feet and on other acral locations such as nose and ears. Bazex syndrome is linked to a variety of underlying malignancies. Usually the skin lesions develop prior to the diagnosis of an internal malignant neoplasm with spontaneous remission after tumour removal. The objective of this study was to review the so far reported risk factors, diagnostic work-up, prognosis and treatment options for Bazex syndrome in a systematic manner. This systematic review is based on a search in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register for English and German articles from 1990 to 2015. Evidence on the diagnosis and treatment of Bazex syndrome is limited predominately to case reports or to small case series. There are no randomized controlled trials. A number of underlying tumour entities, predominately oropharyngeal neoplasms and tumours of the gastroenterological tract, but other malignancies were reported. Treatment modalities including topical and systemic corticosteroids, salicylic acid, topical vitamin D analogues, etretinate and PUVA therapy are often ineffective. Due to the small number of patients and the frequent misdiagnosis of this clinical entity, the aim of this systematic review was to call attention to this rare condition and to help clinicians to diagnose and treat Bazex syndrome effectively. Because of the good prognosis of the skin lesions and the tendency to resolve spontaneously if the underlying tumour is treated early, the differential diagnosis of Bazex syndrome should be taken into consideration when dealing with atypical psoriasiform cutaneous lesions. An early diagnosis may improve the patient's prognosis substantially.

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“…Mainly Caucasian males in their forties are affected . The findings in this systematic review support this fact.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) – a systematic review on risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and management

Räßler

Goetze

Elsner

2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Other hypotheses implicate stimulated expression of transforming growth factor α by the tumor as the pathogenic mechanism in the skin. [2,[6][7][8][9] This skin disease does not respond to steroid or keratolytic therapy, Skin lesions either improve significantly or resolve completely when the underlying neoplasm is treated whereas they remain unchanged in the setting of persistent disease. Some cases show partial improvement with retinoid (etretinate) therapy.…”

Section: Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] This is obligatory paraneoplastic dermatosis associated with different malignancies, most often squamous cell carcinoma of upper parts of respiratory and digestive system, but other types of carcinoma are also described (lungs, prostate, colon, breast). [5][6][7][8][9][10] According to the initial 1965 description by Bazex and Griffiths, the syndrome consists of 3 stages: The first stage is characterized by a symmetrical scaly erythematous pruriginous rash in the distal parts of the fingers and toes, followed by involvement of the helices and nose. This is followed by hyperkeratosis of the periungual region and dystrophy and onycholysis of the nails.…”

Section: Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome)n

Ljubenović¹,

Ljubenovic²,

Binić³

et al. 2009

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex is rare condition, characterized with scaly hyperkeratotic psoriasiform plaques on acral parts of body (helices, nose, and malar and acral surfaces), and in later stages propagation to the limbs and trunk.This syndrome is distinct marker for different neoplastic conditions, predominantly squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract with possible cervical lymph node metastases.In this paper we present 56 years old male patient, with hyperkeratotic plaques on the skin of his palms, soles, ear lobes and apex of the nose. Detailed examination found tumorous swelling on the left side of his neck. Histopathologic examination revealed solid anaplastic metastatic tumor. Patient died before primary tumor could be found. Bazex syndrome can appear before the diagnosis of internal malignancies, and thus is important for dermatologists to recognize it in favor of early diagnosis of specific malignant process.

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“…A paraneoplastic syndrome, particularly associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract and adenopathy above the diaphragm [150] Arguable […”

Section: Bullous Pemphigoidmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of zinc and its importance in dermatology-Part II: The association of zinc with some dermatologic disorders

Bagherani¹,

Smoller²

2016

Glob Dermatol

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Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica (Bazex Syndrome) Presenting in a Patient with Metastatic Breast Carcinoma: Possible Etiologic Role of Zinc

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) – a systematic review on risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and management

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) – a systematic review on risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and management

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome)n

An overview of zinc and its importance in dermatology-Part II: The association of zinc with some dermatologic disorders

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