Acral acanthosis nigricans in a case of scleroderma

Kura, Mahendra M; Sanghavi, Swapnil A

doi:10.4103/0019-5154.160540

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The association of AN with rare syndromes has been described: Barter syndrome, 24 Benign encephalopathy, 25 Bloom syndrome, 26 Chondrodystrophy with dwarfism, 27 Costello syndrome, 28 Dermatomyositis, 29 Familial pineal body hypertrophy, 30 Gigantism, 7 Hashimoto thyroiditis, 31 Hirschowitz syndrome, 32 Lipoatrophic diabetes mellitus, 33 Lupoid hepatitis, 34 Lupus erythematosus, 35 Phenylketonuria, 36 Pituitary hypogonadism, 37 Pseudoacromegaly, 38 Prader‐Willi syndrome, 39 Rud syndrome, 40 Scleroderma, 41 Type A syndrome (HAIR‐AN syndrome), 42 Werner syndrome, 43 Wilson syndrome 44 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans: A review

Das

Datta²,

Kassir

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a cutaneous disorder characterized by symmetric velvety hyperpigmented plaques on intertriginous areas like axilla, neck, inframammary, and groin. Aims To summarize the pathophysiology and classification of AN, provide an update of diagnostic testing strategies, and describe the current therapeutic options described so far in the literature for this disease. Methods A comprehensive english language literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane) for keywords (alone and in combination) was performed. MeSH as well as non‐MeSH terms such as “acanthosis nigricans,” “classification,” “pathophysiology,” “diagnosis,” “treatment,” “topical drugs,” “systemic drugs,” “chemical peeling,” and “lasers” were taken into consideration. Results The pathophysiology of AN revolves around a multifactorial stimulation of proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Various types of AN include benign, obesity‐associated, syndromic, malignant, acral, unilateral, medication‐induced, and mixed‐type. Homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) is a good tool for assessment of insulin resistance. Management involves general measures (weight reduction and addressing the underlying cause, if any), topical drugs (retinoids, vitamin D analogs, and keratolytics), oral drugs (retinoids and insulin sensitizers), chemical peels (trichloroacetic acid), and lasers (Long pulsed alexandrite, fractional 1550‐nm erbium fiber, and CO2). Conclusion Acanthosis nigricans is a treatable condition; however, complete cure and disappearance of lesions are difficult to achieve. Weight reduction is the most scientific and practical management strategy. Long‐term studies and further research is warranted in the pathophysiology and treatment of this common condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans: A review

Das

Datta²,

Kassir

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…Although considered as a benign disorder of the darker skin and without any associations, it has been observed in diffuse progressive systemic sclerosis, obesity with increased leptin levels, and in malignancies like dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. [ 24 25 26 27 28 ]…”

Section: Hyperkeratotic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knuckle lesions in inherited and acquired disorders

Adya

Inamadar

Palit

et al. 2021

Indian Dermatology Online Journal

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Skin lesions occurring over the knuckles can be a primary or characteristic manifestation of a disorder. Characteristic knuckle lesions may also be important cutaneous features of various internal disorders when they serve as useful clinical pointers, as well as may speak of the disease severity in certain instances. Furthermore, knuckle lesions also speak of various external factors as the underlying cause of the disease/lesions, such as trauma – occupational or otherwise, and contact dermatitis. Although knuckles essentially imply dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal joints, many of the lesions described as those 'involving the knuckles' are seen over the proximal and/or less frequently, the distal interphalangel joints as well. This review presents a compilation of various inherited and acquired dermatoses and dermatological manifestations of various internal disorders associated with different forms of knuckle lesions.

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Acanthosis Nigricans: An Updated Review

Leung

Lam

Barankin³

et al. 2023

CPR

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Background: Early recognition of acanthosis nigricans is important because acanthosis nigricans can be a cutaneous manifestation of a variety of systemic disorders and, rarely, as a sign of internal malignancy. Objective: This purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of acanthosis nigricans. Methods: A search was conducted in November 2021 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term "acanthosis nigricans". The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article. Results: Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by symmetric, hyperpigmented, velvety plaques with ill-defined borders, typically involving intertriginous areas. Obesity is the most common cause of acanthosis nigricans which is increasing observed in obese children and adolescents and can serve as a cutaneous marker of insulin resistance. Early recognition of acanthosis nigricans is important because acanthosis nigricans can also be a cutaneous manifestation of a variety of systemic disorders and, rarely, as a sign of internal malignancy. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the characteristic appearance (symmetrically distributed, hyperpigmented, velvety, papillomatous, hyperkeratotic plaques with ill-defined borders) and the typical sites (intertriginous areas, flexural area, and skin folds) of the lesions. Although acanthosis nigricans is treatable, complete cure is difficult to achieve. The underlying cause should be treated, if possible, to resolve and prevent recurrence of acanthosis nigricans. This may consist of weight reduction, discontinuation of causative drugs, treatment of underlying endocrinopathy, or treatment of an underlying malignancy. For patients with isolated acanthosis nigricans and for those whose underlying cause is not amenable to treatment, treatment of the lesion may be considered for cosmetic reasons. Topical retinoids, vitamin D analogs, chemical peels, and other keratolytics are often used for the treatment of localized lesions. Seldom, systemic therapy such as oral retinoids may be considered for extensive or generalized acanthosis nigricans and acanthosis nigricans unresponsive to topical therapy. Other uncommon treatment modalities include dermabrasion, laser therapy, and surgical removal. Conclusion: Although acanthosis nigricans is treatable, complete cure is difficult to achieve. The underlying cause should be treated, if possible, to resolve and prevent recurrence of acanthosis nigricans. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the characteristic appearance (symmetrically distributed, hyperpigmented, velvety, papillomatous, hyperkeratotic plaques with ill-defined borders) and the typical sites (intertriginous areas, flexural area, and skin folds) of the lesions. The diagnosis might be difficult for lesions which have atypical morphology or are in an unusual location Due to the association between acanthosis nigricans and underlying pathologies, clinicians should be knowledgeable about the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of acanthosis nigricans.

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Acral acanthosis nigricans in a case of scleroderma

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Acanthosis nigricans: A review

Acanthosis nigricans: A review

Knuckle lesions in inherited and acquired disorders

Acanthosis Nigricans: An Updated Review

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