Acquired urinary incontinence in the bitch: Update and perspectives from human medicine. Part 2: The urethral component, pathophysiology and medical treatment

Noël, Stéphanie; Claeys, Stéphanie; Hamaide, Annick

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.06.011

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…, Goldstein & Westropp , Noel et al . ). Newer systems based on air technology compare favourably to water‐based systems and may in future improve the popularity of this technique (Owen ).…”

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

“…, Noel et al . ). The main negative aspect to this treatment is the recommendation to administer the drug three times daily, which may be inconvenient for owners, and the potential for the incontinence to become refractory to treatment when the medication is given long‐term (White & Pomeroy , White ).…”

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

“…These drugs have an indirect mechanism of action by increasing the number and sensitivity of the urethral α‐adrenoreceptors to stimulation (Noel et al . ). They should be avoided in intact bitches due to the risk of developing pyometra and in male dogs due to unwanted feminisation (Applegate et al .…”

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In human medicine, the bladder has long been the focus of incontinence investigations to rule out detrusor instability and bladder compliance issues as part or all of the problem, in combination with low urethral tone or hypermobility of the bladder/urethra (Noel et al . , ). It seems relatively likely that both the bladder and urethra similarly have a role to play in dogs with urinary incontinence and until we can differentiate these groups of patients we may not readily find a solution to the problem of USMI.…”

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ureteral ectopia and urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: an update on diagnosis and management options

Owen

2018

J of Small Animal Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The two leading causes of urinary incontinence in dogs are ureteral ectopia in juveniles and urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in adults. While the accuracy of diagnosis of ectopic ureters has improved due to increased use of CT and/or cystoscopy, the diagnosis of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence largely remains one of exclusion. New treatment options have been developed for both conditions, which have reduced morbidity and mortality, although the rate of long‐term urinary continence has not significantly improved for either and neither has our understanding of the pathophysiology behind these failures. This review provides updates on the management of both of these conditions, with discussion of controversial areas and thoughts for future directions.

show abstract

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ureteral ectopia and urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: an update on diagnosis and management options

Owen

2018

J of Small Animal Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An increased risk of urinary incontinence (due to sphincter mechanism incompetence, also known as hormonal urinary incontinence) in bitches has been attributed to spaying (ovariohysterectomy), particularly if performed before the first oestrous (Holt 1987, Holt and Thrusfield 1993). Proposed mechanisms of action include reduced levels of endogenous oestrogen, which may reduce tone in the uretheral sphincter, increased gonadotropin levels, decreased gonadotropin or cyclooxygenase‐2 receptor expression, decreased amounts of smooth muscle in the urethra and bladder, changes to collagen structure and shortening of the urethra (Gregory and others 1992, Byron and others 2007, Noël and others 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of neutering on the risk of urinary incontinence in bitches – a systematic review

Beauvais

Cardwell

Brodbelt

2012

J of Small Animal Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increased risk of urinary incontinence in bitches has often been associated with previous ovariohysterectomy but remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the strength of evidence for an association between neutering or age at neutering and urinary incontinence in bitches and to estimate the magnitude of any effect found. A systematic review of peer-reviewed original English analytic journal articles was conducted, based on Cochrane guidelines (Higgins and Green 2009) Of 1,853 records screened, seven studies were identified that examined the effect of neutering or age at neutering on the risk of urinary incontinence but four were judged to be at high risk of bias. Of the remaining three studies, which were at moderate risk of bias, there was some weak evidence that neutering, particularly before the age of three months, increases the risk of urinary incontinence. However, overall the evidence is not consistent nor strong enough to make firm recommendations on the effect of neutering or age at neutering on the risk of urinary incontinence.

show abstract

Micturition Disorders

Byron

2015

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of dogs and cats with micturition disorders can be challenging. It is important to determine the duration, timing, and frequency of the disorder, as well as assessing for any additional medical problems, such as neurologic or orthopedic disease, that may be affecting micturition. Observation of the patient during voiding can be particularly helpful in determining the type of disorder. Treatment of micturition disorders is varied and outcome depends on an accurate diagnosis. Patient response is also highly variable, even with appropriate therapy, and owners' expectations must be set accordingly.

show abstract

Acquired urinary incontinence in the bitch: Update and perspectives from human medicine. Part 2: The urethral component, pathophysiology and medical treatment

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Ureteral ectopia and urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: an update on diagnosis and management options

Ureteral ectopia and urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: an update on diagnosis and management options

The effect of neutering on the risk of urinary incontinence in bitches – a systematic review

Micturition Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About