Acoustics and Phonology of Complex Tone Sandhi

Rose, Philip

doi:10.1159/000261850

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Stress that is independent of morphosyntactic structure has also been reported in Chinese dialects, and its relation to tone sandhi has been an uncomfortable one in the study of Chinese tone. For example, Rose (1990) reported that in the Northern Wu dialect Zhenhai, disyllabic words with MH or H on the first syllable have initial stress, whereas those with ML or L on the first syllable have final stress; this stress pattern was confirmed by native speaker perception. The tone sandhi pattern in Zhenhai, however, is not easily predicted by this stress pattern, and Li (2003, 2005) showed that a good understanding of the pattern can only be achieved when we carefully tease apart the interaction between this tonally induced stress and initial prominence, which provides the initial syllable with a longer duration.…”

Section: Directions For Chinese Tone Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Issues in the Analysis of Chinese Tone

Zhang

2010

Language and Linguist. Compass

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Chinese tone has played an important role in the development of phonological theory from distinctive features and autosegmental phonology to Optimality Theory and its various adaptations. This article reviews some past and current issues in the analysis of Chinese tone and points out how the development of theoretical phonology has shaped the highs and lows of this research enterprise. To fruitfully proceed into the future, I plead to phonologists working in this area to cultivate a new respect for empirical data based on well‐designed phonetic and psycholinguistic studies. This is necessitated by the observations that speakers’ knowledge of tone and tone sandhi may not be identical to their patterns in the lexicon, and impressionistic transcriptions, no matter how careful, can be inaccurate. Moreover, patterns of tone in Chinese are rich in variation, gradience, and exceptions due to dialectal contact and the influence from the dominant Standard Chinese, and existing research has shown that the productivity of Chinese tone sandhi patterns is influenced by both categorical factors such as phonological opacity and gradient factors such as the phonetic nature and the frequency of usage of the sandhi. An empirical basis built around these issues will allow the study of Chinese tone to make continued contributions to the development of phonological theory and our understanding of speakers’ phonological knowledge.

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Section: Directions For Chinese Tone Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Issues in the Analysis of Chinese Tone

Zhang

2010

Language and Linguist. Compass

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“…The overall approach in this tone analysis follows the methodology of prior tonetics research, such as Edmondson et al (2004), Rose (1987, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1997), and Zhu (1999), where tone syllable tokens are normalized for time duration and then compared using mean pitch values at selected relative time points. Because the total duration of a tone varies between speakers and also varies between tokens of a single speaker, a necessary first step is to normalize the time duration.…”

Section: Methodology For Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sociotonetic analysis of Sui dialect contact

Stanford

2008

Lang Var Change

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A B S T R A C TSui clan exogamy can serve as a laboratory for investigation of dialect contact and immigration. The Sui people, an indigenous minority of southwest China, have marriage customs requiring that a wife and husband have different clan origins, and the wife permanently immigrates to the husband's village at the time of marriage. Due to subtle interclan dialect variation, a married woman may have different dialect features than her husband and other local villagers. This study presents an acoustic analysis of such clan-level variation in lexical tone, a sociotonetic analysis. Results show that the immigrant women maintain the tone variants of their home clan dialects to a high degree despite spending a decade or more in the husband's village, thus illustrating a case where linguistic identity is maintained in the face of close, long-term contact.I would like to thank the Sui people who patiently taught me to speak their language and who kindly provided the information and data used in this study. I would also like to thank Dennis Preston,

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“…Tone extension is irrelevant. Zhenhai (Rose (1990), Li (2005)), a Northern Wu dialect spoken in northeast Zhejiang Province, furnishes another example of default insertion in both directions. The tonal inventory on unchecked syllables in Zhenhai is HL, MH, ML, and LM.…”

Section: Default Insertion In Both Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A directional asymmetry in Chinese tone sandhi systems

Zhang

2007

J East Asian Linguist

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Chinese tone sandhi systems are often classified as left-dominant or right-dominant depending on the position of the syllable retaining the citation tone. An asymmetry exists between the two types of systems: left-dominant sandhi often involves rightward extension of the initial tone to the entire sandhi domain; right-dominant sandhi, however, often involves default insertion and paradigmatic neutralization of nonfinal tones. I argue that the extension of a tone to a larger domain may serve two markedness purposes: the reduction of tonal contours on a syllable and the reduction of pitch differences across syllable boundaries, both of which have a rightward directionality preference. The former is due to the durational advantage afforded by final lengthening; the latter is due to the universal preference for progressive tonal coarticulation. I show that a theory that formally encodes these preferences via intrinsic constraint rankings can predict the directional asymmetry noted above.

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Acoustics and Phonology of Complex Tone Sandhi

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Issues in the Analysis of Chinese Tone

Issues in the Analysis of Chinese Tone

A sociotonetic analysis of Sui dialect contact

A directional asymmetry in Chinese tone sandhi systems

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