Acoustic emission as a tool to assess the changes induced by pulsed electric field in apple tissue

The Quality of Red Bell Pepper Subjected to Freeze-Drying Preceded by Traditional and Novel Pretreatment

“…This means that the PEF treatment caused more pronounced structural damages, which are enlarged by the sonication process lasting 30 min. Similar results were noticed by Rajewska and Mierzwa [ 43 ] and Wiktor et al [ 44 ], which revealed that PEF treatment plays a major role in hybrid methods. Additionally, the use of the higher specific energy intake for PEF treatment, regardless of application to single or hybrid novel treatment, did not result in significant ( p > 0.05) changes of sample porosity in comparison with freeze-dried material treated with lower specific energy intake of PEF.…”

Drying characteristics and quality attributes of apple slices dried by a non-thermal ultrasonic contact drying method

“…A 4-mm diameter probe (TA-54, Stable Micro Systems Ltd., Godalming, UK) and a Texture Exponent 32 software (Stable Micro Systems Ltd., Godalming, UK) were used for the analysis. Pre-test, test, post-test speeds and strain rate were adjusted to 3, 1, 10 mm/s and 90%, respectively [29] . Ten replications were performed for each treatment and the average of the ten readings were reported.…”

Pulsed electric fields processing of apple tissue: Spatial distribution of electroporation by means of magnetic resonance imaging and computer vision system

“…Screening methods based on several physical approaches have been proposed to directly estimate the extent of electroporation, especially in its irreversible form, and consequently to optimize the novel industrial PEF applications. Those procedures include the evaluation of the electrical impedance (Lebovka, Bazhal, & Vorobiev, 2002), optical (Fincan & Dejmek, 2002), acoustic (Wiktor, et al, 2016) or magnetic (Dellarosa, Ragni, Laghi, Tylewicz, Rocculi, & Dalla Rosa, 2016b) properties of the plant material.…”