Ações e efeitos deletérios do fogo em estruturas de concreto. Uma breve revisão

Helène, Paulo; Britez, C.; Carvalho, Mayra Moreyra

doi:10.21041/ra.v10i1.421

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…12,13 This type of spalling can lead to the failure of concrete layers, commonly reaching thicknesses between 25 and 100 mm, varying on each specific case. 14 Jansson 15 recounted that the works of Barret 16 in 1854 were the first time recorded observation of concrete spalling was made. The researched showed that when the aggregate used to manufacture concrete was flint, the concrete was said to have split and yielded when it was exposed to fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Explosive spalling of concrete can be best described as an extreme showering of heated sections of concrete that can affect firefighting service personnel, making their work significantly more challenging and hazardous 12,13 . This type of spalling can lead to the failure of concrete layers, commonly reaching thicknesses between 25 and 100 mm, varying on each specific case 14 . Jansson 15 recounted that the works of Barret 16 in 1854 were the first time recorded observation of concrete spalling was made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

Guerrieri,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2024

Structural Concrete

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The Metro Tunnel is a Victorian Government funded infrastructure project which will create a new end‐to‐end rail line from Sunbury in the west to Cranbourne/Pakenham in the south east, with bigger and better trains, next generation signaling technology and five new underground stations. This article provides a detailed summary of the structural fire testing requirements for the platform tunnel side wall and arch lining in the Metro Tunnel's State Library and Town Hall stations. Contrasted to building fires, tunnel fires are more significant within a few minutes due to the confined space which can cause concrete spalling and jeopardize the bearing capacity of the tunnel, which is a significant concern to designers. The catastrophic European tunnel fire events in 1999 and 2001 led to the development of innovative regulations and recommendations, including guidelines endorsed by the European Federation of National (EFNARC 132F r3:2006) and Efectis R0695:2020. This paper explains the methodology taken to design the fire rated concrete test for the platform tunnel side wall and arch lining in the State Library and Town Hall stations of Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project for structural stability for the period of a serious fire event. For the first time, uniaxial loading (500T) was applied to five large‐scale flat concrete panels (1800 × 1800 × 400 mm) which are normally unloaded during fire exposure and exposed to the RABT ZTV (rail) fire curve. The first testing program investigated the influence of polypropylene dosage in the concrete mix design and its effect on the magnitude and severity of concrete spalling. The results indicated that the recommended 2.0 kg/m3 polypropylene dosage requirement as specified by Eurocode is conservative. Concrete mix designs with a stable aggregate and the correct curing regime can mitigate spalling at significantly lower polypropylene dosage rates. The water pooling effect was evident during the fire testing and the surface cracking that developed was vertical to the surface, allowing for the release of the pore water pressure build‐up.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

Guerrieri,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2024

Structural Concrete

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“…The primary consequences of fire exposure on concrete include reduced compressive strength and spalling, characterized by the forceful expulsion of material from a structural member's surface [8,9]. Spalling can manifest in situations characterized by pronounced temperature gradients during heating and cooling phases [8,[10][11][12]. To study the spalling to the tunnel lining, different researchers conducted different experimental research and concluded the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Distribution Curve Analysis on Concrete through LS-DYNA

Oli,

Ha,

Jang

et al. 2023

Fire

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The development and importance of tunnels are increasing worldwide, and countries like Korea, where about 70% of the total land is covered with mountain regions, need more tunnel constructions to connect different routes of roads for safe and efficient transport. This study applied fire to the 200 mm × 200 mm × 200 mm concrete specimens, similar to the Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) fire, through an electric furnace. Thermocouples were placed inside the specimens to analyze the temperature during the occurrence of fire. Experimental and simulation thermal analysis during the occurrence of fire was analyzed. The experimental temperature at different depths agreed with the simulation results. Different international fire curves were applied to study the temperature inside the concrete through simulation by LS-DYNA. Concrete with different thicknesses of fireproof board was analyzed through simulation, and using fireproof board reduces the inside temperature during fire occurrence. Among the studied international fire curves, modified hydrocarbon fire curves had a high-temperature effect on concrete.

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“…Material parameters.As mentioned above, the thermo-hydral mechanism is mainly responsible for the effects of material parameters. Several studies have shown that (i) riverbed aggregates are more spalling prone than basalt and granite aggregates[32], (ii) calcareous aggregates spall more than silicocalcareous aggregates[35,36], (iii) lower w/c ratio increases spalling risk by making the concrete denser[32,[37][38][39], (iv) high strength concrete is more prone to spalling due to lower permeability[40][41][42], (v) higher moisture content allows more water availability inside concrete thereby accelerating spalling[33,35,38], and (vi) the age of concrete structures does not seem to have any apparent effect on concrete spalling characteristics[39,[43][44][45]. However, the effect of maximum aggregate size[46][47][48] and cement type[32,35,49] is still not evident from the conflicting results reported in the literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergies between Heat- and Stress-Induced Spalling Theory Applied to Rock and Concrete in Tunnel Applications

Saha

Serati

Maluk

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Fire-induced and stress-driven catastrophic failures in rock and concrete are commonly known as spalling (or rockburst in its severe form) that have jeopardised the safety of personnel, seriously damaged rock structures, and shut down operations for months or even permanently in certain circumstances. Particularly in Australia, spalling and rockburst in deep excavations results in a heavy toll on mine safety and have become a constraint to the economic viability of several Australian deep mines since the early 1950s. The prevailing industry approach is to treat such unwanted failures and associated microseismic events as a result of insufficient energy absorption by the spalling-prone rock/concrete at the post-peak stage. However, this approach does not allow efficient handling of heat- or stress-induced failures as it requires an in-depth understanding of their mechanics. Prediction of these events based on the available failure criteria does not help either due to the numerous criteria involved and the difficulty in determining their parameters at the excavation scale. A proper understanding of the fracture growth in such failures is needed to understand the behaviour of rock or concrete structures resulting in a sudden release of energy at deep excavations. This paper investigates the similarities and differences between heat-induced concrete spalling and stress-driven rockburst and further examines the effect(s) of material, geometrical, geological properties, and the applied deviatoric stresses on these failure modes.

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Ações e efeitos deletérios do fogo em estruturas de concreto. Uma breve revisão

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

Temperature Distribution Curve Analysis on Concrete through LS-DYNA

Synergies between Heat- and Stress-Induced Spalling Theory Applied to Rock and Concrete in Tunnel Applications

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