Acidophilic and Acidotolerant Algae

Gimmler, H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59491-5_9

Cited by 60 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…To date, only about 20 species of microalgae from various major algal groups (e.g., Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Euglenophyta, Heterokontophyta, and Rhodophyta) are known to inhabit highly acidic environments (reviewed in Gimmler ). Among them, cyanidia are the only algae that can thrive at high temperatures (e.g., Ciniglia et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of rbcL sequences reveals the global biodiversity, community structure, and biogeographical pattern of thermoacidophilic red algae (Cyanidiales)

Hsieh

Zhan

Lin

et al. 2015

Journal of Phycology

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Thermoacidophilic cyanidia (Cyanidiales) are the primary photosynthetic eukaryotes in volcanic areas. These red algae also serve as important model organisms for studying life in extreme habitats. The global biodiversity and community structure of Cyanidiales remain unclear despite previous sampling efforts. Here, we surveyed the Cyanidiales biodiversity in the Tatun Volcano Group (TVG) area in Taiwan using environmental DNA sequencing. We generated 174 rbcL sequences from eight samples from four regions in the TVG area, and combined them with 239 publicly available rbcL sequences collected worldwide. Species delimita-tion using this large rbcL data set suggested at least 20 Cyanidiales OTUs (operational taxono-mic units) worldwide, almost three times the presently recognized seven species. Results from environmental DNA showed that OTUs in the TVG area were divided into three groups: (i) dominant in hot springs with 92%-99% sequence identity to Galdieria maxima; (ii) largely distributed in drier and more acidic microhabitats with 99% identity to G. partita; and (iii) primarily distributed in cooler microhabitats and lacking identity to known cyanidia species (a novel Cyanidiales lineage). In both global and individual area analyses, we observed greater species diversity in non-aquatic than aquatic habitats. Community structure analysis showed high similarity between the TVG community and West Pacific-Iceland communities, reflecting their geographic proximity to each other. Our study is the first examination of the global species diversity and biogeographic affinity of cyanidia. Additionally, our data illuminate the influence of microhabitat type on Cyanidiales diversity and highlight intriguing questions for future ecological research.

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of rbcL sequences reveals the global biodiversity, community structure, and biogeographical pattern of thermoacidophilic red algae (Cyanidiales)

Hsieh

Zhan

Lin

et al. 2015

Journal of Phycology

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“…Several adaptive physiological mechanisms of microalgae living in low-pH conditions were suggested (Gimmler 2001;GerloffElias et al 2005), e.g. maintaining a positive membrane potential and a positive charge outside the plasmatic membrane (Remis et al 1994), decreasing permeability of protons through the plasmatic membrane or sustaining active proton pumping (Gross 2000;Gimmler 2001). Additionally, morphological adaptations of microalgae to conditions of extremely low pH were also proposed (Nixdorf et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…ions continuously penetrate their plasmatic membrane (Gimmler and Weis 1992). Several adaptive physiological mechanisms of microalgae living in low-pH conditions were suggested (Gimmler 2001;GerloffElias et al 2005), e.g. maintaining a positive membrane potential and a positive charge outside the plasmatic membrane (Remis et al 1994), decreasing permeability of protons through the plasmatic membrane or sustaining active proton pumping (Gross 2000;Gimmler 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The pH-related morphological variations of two acidophilic species of Desmidiales (Viridiplantae) isolated from a lowland peat bog, Czech Republic

Černá

Neustupa

2009

Aquat Ecol

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Morphological variation related to pH was investigated in two acidophilic desmid species (Euastrum binale var. gutwinskii and Staurastrum hirsutum) utilizing geometric morphometric methods. Clones isolated from acidic habitats were cultured using a range of pH values from 3.5 to 6.5. The plasticity of ensuing populations was quantified and illustrated by the general Procrustes superimposition of landmarks placed along the outline of cells and subsequent statistical analyses of shape data. In both species, there was a significant effect of pH on the morphology of cells. In Staurastrum hirsutum, the pH-related morphological change was accompanied by a decrease in the size of cells cultured at a higher pH. However, in Euastrum binale, cell size did not differ in relation to pH, but cell shape was characterized by a deepening of the incisions between cell lobes at higher pH. In both species, cell complexity based on surface-to-volume ratio was positively correlated with increasing pH. We conclude that by manipulating their surface-to-volume ratios, these desmid species can respond to pH variations in their environment.

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“…Organisms are evolutionarily designed to survive under the multifactorial conditions of nature, and can respond to a large number of factors that surely differ from the conditions in a test tube (GimmLer 2001). Additional data collected on silica scales of natural populations will further advance our understanding of the relationship between scale shape and key environmental factors, and may help us to evaluate the potential of scale shape in paleoecological reconstructions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape dynamics of silica scales (Chrysophyceae, Stramenopiles) associated with pH.

Němcová¹,

Pichrtová²

2012

Fottea

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Abstract:We investigated the shape dynamics of silica scales in relation to environmental pH in two freshwater algal flagellates, Mallomonas striata and Synura echinulata, using landmark-based methods of geometric morphometrics. pH has been implicated as a primary factor controlling the occurrence and distribution of these protists. Moreover, scales are preserved in sediments and provide important proxy data of past and recent environmental changes. We concluded that the pH of the cultivation medium significantly affected scale biogenesis and influenced the final shape of produced silica scales. In addition, we asked how size of the scales was related to their shape (allometric effect). Scales produced under various levels of pH treatment were significantly different in shape in both investigated species, even though we eliminated the effect of size. We also investigated phenotypic plasticity (defined as the extent of scale shape variation) within the investigated pH treatments. Increased phenotypic plasticity is generally accepted to be induced by environmental stress. The impact of pH on M. striata and S. echinulata population growth was used to evaluate optimal/suboptimal conditions. We revealed increased scale shape plasticity in either suboptimal conditions (both species) or in high level pH treatments (pH 8.2 and 8.7, in M. striata). The inability of cells to compose a perfectly fitting, functional scale case, when the shape of individual scales varied considerably, may cause absence of Synurales in highly alkaline natural environments.

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Acidophilic and Acidotolerant Algae

Cited by 60 publications

References 66 publications

Analysis of rbcL sequences reveals the global biodiversity, community structure, and biogeographical pattern of thermoacidophilic red algae (Cyanidiales)

Analysis of rbcL sequences reveals the global biodiversity, community structure, and biogeographical pattern of thermoacidophilic red algae (Cyanidiales)

The pH-related morphological variations of two acidophilic species of Desmidiales (Viridiplantae) isolated from a lowland peat bog, Czech Republic

Shape dynamics of silica scales (Chrysophyceae, Stramenopiles) associated with pH.

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