Acidogenesis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent to Produce Biogas: Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time and pH

Abstract

Acidogenesis of palm oil mill effluent to produce biogas was conducted base on anaerobic digestion process. This process was consisted of four different stages using various types of microorganisms which came from various groups of bacteria. This research studied the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and pH to the change of the organic compounds concentration and solids content of POME to the growth of microorganisms during acidogenesis stage. Initially, the suitable loading up was determined by varying the HRT 6.7; 5.0; and 4.0 days in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with mixing rate 50 rpm, pH 6.0 ± 0.2, and room temperature. Next, suitable pH was determined by varying the pH at 5.0; 5.5; and 6.0 with mixing rate 100-110 rpm and temperature 55 o C. Analysis of TS, VS, TSS, VSS, COD, and VFA were conducted in order to study the growth of microorganisms and their abilities in converting organic compound to produce VFA. The highest growth of microorganisms was achieved at HRT 4.0 day with microorganism concentration was 20.62 mg VSS/L and COD reduction was 15.7%. The highest production of total VFA achieved was 5622.72 mg/L at pH 6.0, with the concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid were 2257.34; 975.49; and 2389.90 mg/L, respectively. While degradation VS and COD were 11 and 23%, respectively.

Pengembangan Desain Sistem Proses Pemurnian Biogas Berbasis Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome)

“…Penguraian anaerobik berlangsung dalam beberapa tahap dan beberapa kelompok mikroorganisme yang berbeda untuk menguraikan zat organik 13) dengan menggunakan ketersediaan energi yang terbatas. Adapun tahapan yang terjadi yaitu hidrolisis (reaksi dengan air), acidification atau fermentation 14) , pembentukan asam asetat, dan pembentukan gas metana yang terjadi dua (2) rute yaitu rute primer dan sekunder.Pada rute primer, fermentasi produk utama yang berasal dari tahap pembentukan asam yakni asam asetat diubah menjadi metana dan karbon dioksida.Reaksi keseluruhan adalah sebagai berikut.…”

Stabilitas Reaktor Uplow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket-Hollow Centered Packed Bed dalam Produksi Biogas pada Kondisi Ruangan

“…Negara Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara produsen dan pengekspor minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia dibandingkan negara Malaysia [4]. Dengan penekanan produksi berkelanjutan, pengolahan limbah diharapkan menghasilkan energi dalam industri kelapa sawit.…”

A review of biogas production from palm oil mill effluents using different configurations of bioreactors

“…During anaerobic digestion, POME produces methane, carbon dioxide and water. The conversion processes principally involves hydrolysis, fermentation (acidogensis/acetogenesis) and methanogensis [9,30,51,62,63] (Fig. 1).…”

“…The microbial synthesis pathway for the conversion of organic matter to biogas includes hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogensis and often regarded as biomethanation process [30,31]. The decomposition of organic materials in waste water by microorganisms in the absence of air produces biogas fuel [32,33].…”