Acidic pH Is Required for the Multilamellar Assembly of Skin Barrier Lipids In Vitro

Nováčková, Anna; Sagrafena, Irene; Pullmannová, Petra; Paraskevopoulos, Georgios; Dwivedi, Anupma; Mazumder, Anisha; Růžičková, Karolína; Slepička, Petr; Zbytovská, Jarmila; Vávrová, Kateřina

doi:10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.014

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, the impact of pH on skin barrier is not limited to its action on enzymatic activity. A recent study has shown that a more neutral pH prevents the right formation of the SC lipid structure, leading to even more water loss 38 . Such effects would go in the same direction and further support our conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Computational modelling predicts impaired barrier function and higher sensitivity to skin inflammation following pH elevation

Greugny

Bensaci

Fages

et al. 2022

Experimental Dermatology

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Skin surface pH has been identified as a key regulator of the epidermal homeostasis through its action on serine protease activity. These enzymes, like kallikreins (KLK), are responsible for the degradation of corneodesmosomes, the protein structures linking together corneocytes, and are regulated by Lympho-Epithelial Kazal-Typerelated Inhibitor (LEKTI). KLK activity increases at pH levels higher than physiological.An increase in skin surface pH has been observed in patients suffering from skin diseases characterized by impaired barrier function, like atopic dermatitis. In this work, we introduce an agent-based model of the epidermis to study the impact of a change in skin surface pH on the structural and physiological properties of the epidermis, through the LEKTI-KLK mechanism. We demonstrate that a less acidic pH, compared to the slightly acidic pH observed in healthy skin, is sufficient to significantly affect the water loss at the surface and the amount of irritant permeating through the epidermis. This weakening of the skin barrier function eventually results in a more intense skin inflammation following exposure to an external irritant. This work provides additional evidence that skin surface pH and serine proteases can be therapeutic targets to improve skin barrier integrity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Computational modelling predicts impaired barrier function and higher sensitivity to skin inflammation following pH elevation

Greugny

Bensaci

Fages

et al. 2022

Experimental Dermatology

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“…Standarisasi ini meliputi uji toksisitas yang menunjukan produk aman dan tidak menyebabkan iritasi pada kulit, uji pH air setelah memasuki shower filter sebasar 6,9. Nilai pH ini sesuai dengan kebutuhan pH air yang aman untuk kulit (Nováčková et al, 2021). Uji aktivitas antibakteri yang menunjukan keefektifitasan essence mengendalikan bakteri Staphyloccocus aures sebesar 88%.…”

Section: Standarisasi Produk Oleh Jasa Formulatorunclassified

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Frescura Ditinjau Dari Empat Pilar Kelayakan Usaha

Wandreina

Thorci

Putri

et al. 2022

JEEJ

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Frescura merupakan usaha berbasis kesehatan dan kecantikan dengan shower filter. Frescura shower filter dilengkapi dengan komponen filtrasi air, bola ionic negative, ceramics ball, dan water beads essence dengan yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas air, mencegah penuaan, mengobati kulit iritasi serta memiliki daya anti bakteri. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder ditinjau dari aspek pasar dan pemasaran, teknis dan produksi, manajemen usaha, keuangan, serta intangible asset. Analisis pasar dan pemasaran menunjukan bahwa Frescura memiliki prospek pasar yang menjanjikan. Analisis teknis dan produksi menunjukkan bahwa bahan dan alat yang digunakan sudah terjamin kebersihannya. Analisis manajemen usaha menunjukan bahwa setiap pekerja sudah menjalankan jobdesk sesuai keahliannya. Analisis keuangan menunjukkan Payback Period usaha sebesar 4 bulan, NPV sebesar 256.436.202, IRR sebesar 310,75%, serta benefits cost ratio sebesar 2. Analisis berdasarkan intangible assets menunjukkan bahwa Frescura shower filter relevan dengan keadaan yang sedang terjadi dan layak untuk dilanjutkan.

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“…3,4 The generated ceramide is the dominant lipid to enable the intact structure of the SC. 5 (2) Acidic pH is required for the formation of multi-lamellar structures assembled from ceramide, free fatty acids, and cholesterol which are critical for the skin to restrict water loss and protect against other harmful factors from the environment. 5 (3) Skin pH is also critical in fighting bacteria; that is, the acidity of the skin inhibits the proliferation of transient bacteria and opportunists, such as Staphylococcus aureus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidity of the skin plays a vital role in enabling the defensive functions of the SC, such as: (1) Beta‐glucocerebrosidase (GLC) and sphingomyelinase, two key enzymes that generate ceramide, show optimum performance at acidic pH 3,4 . The generated ceramide is the dominant lipid to enable the intact structure of the SC 5 . (2) Acidic pH is required for the formation of multi‐lamellar structures assembled from ceramide, free fatty acids, and cholesterol which are critical for the skin to restrict water loss and protect against other harmful factors from the environment 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sequential tape stripping approach for the assessment of the impact of personal cleansing products on the stratum corneum surface layers' acid mantle properties and antimicrobial defense

Zhang,

Yue,

et al. 2023

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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BackgroundStratum corneum (SC) plays a critical role in skin barrier function for protection and defense in nature. The acidic skin pH, which is also known as the acid mantle, is very important in fighting against outer environmental threats, especially, bacteria. Furthermore, recent research has shown that the transient bacteria could potentially penetrate into deeper layer of the SC down to a few micrometers while posing an additional threat to the deeper layers of the skin.AimTo develop a sequential tape stripping method for assessing the impact of personal cleansing product on the SC surface layers' acid mantle properties and antimicrobial defense against transient bacteria.MethodsFifty‐five subjects were recruited. High pH soap‐based Product 1 and low pH synthetic surfactant‐based Product 2 were applied on the left and right forearms of each subject. Sequential tape stripping was performed on the same spots to access multiple layers of the skin SC. Both antimicrobial defense property and skin pH of different skin layers were evaluated at baseline and 12 h after treatment.ResultsThe skin's antimicrobial defense was significantly higher 12 h after treatment of the low pH Product 2 as compared to the treatment of high pH Product 1. In fact, this trend was consistent across all three skin layers (Layer 1 to Layer 3) as measured in this study (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the skin surface pH of Layer 1 and Layer 3 were also lower 12 h after the treatment of low pH Product 2 as compared to that of the high pH Product 1 (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this investigation demonstrated the benefits of 12‐h long lasting and deeper protection of SC acid mantle properties and antimicrobial defense using a low pH skin cleansing product as compared to a high pH product.

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Acidic pH Is Required for the Multilamellar Assembly of Skin Barrier Lipids In Vitro

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Computational modelling predicts impaired barrier function and higher sensitivity to skin inflammation following pH elevation

Computational modelling predicts impaired barrier function and higher sensitivity to skin inflammation following pH elevation

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Frescura Ditinjau Dari Empat Pilar Kelayakan Usaha

A sequential tape stripping approach for the assessment of the impact of personal cleansing products on the stratum corneum surface layers' acid mantle properties and antimicrobial defense

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