Acid rain: Chemistry and transport

Irwin, J.G.; Martin, Williams

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(88)90184-4

Cited by 78 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, some forms of N such as fine particles of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 NO 3 have low deposition velocities and prolonged atmospheric residence times and can be transported to areas far from the emission sources. Irwin and Williams (1988) reported that the transport distance of particulate ammonium and nitrate may be as far as 2500 km. Thus the high emission of reactive N from the NCP will affect not only China but also other regions such as Eastern Asia because these reactive N gases and particles can be transported globally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and its contribution to nutrient inputs to intensively managed agricultural ecosystems

Wang

Liu

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Interest in nitrogen inputs via atmospheric deposition to agricultural ecosystems has increased recently, especially on the North China Plain because of extremely intensive agricultural systems and rapid urbanization in this region. Nitrogen deposition may make a significant contribution to crop N requirements but may also impose a considerable nutrient burden on the environment in general. We quantified total N deposition at two locations, Dongbeiwang near Beijing and Quzhou in Hebei province, over a two-year period from 2005 to 2007 using an 15 N tracer method, the integrated total N input (ITNI) system. Total airborne N inputs to a maize-wheat rotation system at both locations ranged from 99 to 117 kg NÁha À1 Áyr À1, with higher N deposition during the maize season (57-66 kg N/ha) than the wheat season (42-51 kg N/ha). Plant available N from deposition for maize and wheat was about 52 kg NÁha À1 Áyr À1 , accounting for 50% of the total N deposition or 31% of total N uptake by the two crop species. In addition, a correction factor was derived for the maize season to adjust values obtained from small pots (0.057 m 2 ) compared with field trays (0.98 m 2 ) because of higher plant density in the pots. The results indicate that atmospheric N deposition is a very important N input and must be taken into account when calculating nutrient budgets in very intensively managed agricultural ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and its contribution to nutrient inputs to intensively managed agricultural ecosystems

Wang

Liu

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

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“…Thus, a strict definition of acid rain might be "precipitation which is more acidic than this value". However, the term refers not only to precipitation but also to other deposition pathways [2]. The deposition of pollutants out of the atmosphere appears in two ways: dry and wet deposition.…”

Section: Acid Deposition Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Effect of Acid Atmospheres in Solar Reflectors Durability under Accelerated Aging Conditions

Fernández-García¹,

Díaz-Franco²,

Ochoa-Martínez

et al. 2014

Energy Procedia

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“…Significant differences from controls are represented by stars as determined by Tukey posthoc multiple comparisons (a = 0.05) It is uncertain why we did not find an increased nutrient signal beyond station AD1 since several studies have shown that NH 4 ? aerosols can be transported 80 km or greater from their source (Irwin & Williams, 1988;Walker et al, 2000). One possible mechanism for the spatial decrease found in this study may be slow conversion rates of NH 3 to NH 4 ?…”

Section: Precipitation Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 85%

Nutrients in precipitation and the phytoplankton responses to enrichment in surface waters of the Albemarle Peninsula, NC, USA after the establishment of a large-scale chicken egg farm

et al. 2011

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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) released in waste from animal feeding operations can stimulate phytoplankton biomass production in local receiving waters. Changes in weekly wet atmospheric N and P were measured from 2005 to 2008 at monitoring stations located 0.8, 7.9, and 10.3 km downwind from a new chicken egg production facility on the Albemarle Peninsula, North Carolina. After this farm began operating, there was a significant doubling in mean wet NH 4 ? concentrations (465-1,022 lg l -1 ) at 0.8 km with no change at the other sites. To measure the phytoplankton responses to nutrient enrichment, we conducted seasonal N and P enrichment bioassays from 2006 to 2008 on nearby Phelps Lake and Alligator River. These low-nutrient waters responded to nutrient additions, with the highest increases in phytoplankton primary productivity ( 14 C uptake) and biomass (chlorophyll a) occurring in the combined N and P treatments suggesting co-limitation of N and P. Although we did not find an increased nutrient signal in precipitation at sites [0.8 km from the farm, there is the potential for atmospheric deposition of N to these and other waters located N/NE of the farm given prevailing winds and distance that NH 4 ? aerosols can travel. Furthermore, surface runoff from the farm may impact receiving waters downstream (e.g., Pungo and Pamlico Rivers). In order to prevent excessive phytoplankton productivity and biomass both N and P inputs should be carefully assessed and potentially controlled in these nutrient-sensitive waters.

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Acid rain: Chemistry and transport

Cited by 78 publications

References 46 publications

Nitrogen deposition and its contribution to nutrient inputs to intensively managed agricultural ecosystems

Nitrogen deposition and its contribution to nutrient inputs to intensively managed agricultural ecosystems

Study of the Effect of Acid Atmospheres in Solar Reflectors Durability under Accelerated Aging Conditions

Nutrients in precipitation and the phytoplankton responses to enrichment in surface waters of the Albemarle Peninsula, NC, USA after the establishment of a large-scale chicken egg farm

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