Acid Hydrotropic Fractionation of Lignocelluloses for Sustainable Biorefinery: Advantages, Opportunities, and Research Needs

Zhu, Junyong; Chen, Liheng; Cai, Cheng

doi:10.1002/cssc.202100915

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In solvent-based processes, lignin is depolymerized and then dissolved in a solvent, such as organic solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone, formic acid, acetic acid, γ-valerolactone (GVL), tetrahydrofuran (THF)), − ionic liquids (IL), , deep eutectic solvents (DES), , and acid hydrotropes. − Acid is usually used as a catalyst in most solvent-based processes. As shown in Figure B (4), the cleavage of β- O -4 linkages by acid is initiated by the protonation of benzyl alcohol, and the following dehydration generates an α-carbocation intermediate.…”

Section: Chemical Modifications For Advanced and Functionalized Wood ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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The building sector, including building operations and materials, was responsible for the emission of ∼11.9 gigatons of global energy-related CO2 in 2020, accounting for 37% of the total CO2 emissions, the largest share among different sectors. Lowering the carbon footprint of buildings requires the development of carbon-storage materials as well as novel designs that could enable multifunctional components to achieve widespread applications. Wood is one of the most abundant biomaterials on Earth and has been used for construction historically. Recent research breakthroughs on advanced engineered wood products epitomize this material’s tremendous yet largely untapped potential for addressing global sustainability challenges. In this review, we explore recent developments in chemically modified wood that will produce a new generation of engineered wood products for building applications. Traditionally, engineered wood products have primarily had a structural purpose, but this review broadens the classification to encompass more aspects of building performance. We begin by providing multiscale design principles of wood products from a computational point of view, followed by discussion of the chemical modifications and structural engineering methods used to modify wood in terms of its mechanical, thermal, optical, and energy-related performance. Additionally, we explore life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis tools for guiding future research toward environmentally friendly and economically feasible directions for engineered wood products. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges and perspectives on future directions in this research field. By leveraging these new wood-based technologies and analysis tools for the fabrication of carbon-storage materials, it is possible to design sustainable and carbon-negative buildings, which could have a significant impact on mitigating climate change.

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Section: Chemical Modifications For Advanced and Functionalized Wood ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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“…The release rates of both then decreased, with the release of the rapeseed oil completed in up to 8 h, while the tea polyphenol completely released within 6 h. These experiments indicate the wood scroll vehicles can deliver different kinds of nutrient loads, made possible by the material’s excellent intrinsic biocompatibility as well as naturally porous structure and pH-responsive rolled design. Future work could consider some other delignification method for wood modification and should focus on the effect of such wood-based nutrient-delivery vehicles in vivo to fully exploit the potential of this kind of biomass. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Future work could consider some other delignification method for wood modification and should focus on the effect of such wood-based nutrient-delivery vehicles in vivo to fully exploit the potential of this kind of biomass. 50,51…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Nutrient Delivery through a pH-Responsive Wood Vehicle

et al. 2022

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To lower the risk of disease and improve health, many nutrients benefit from intestinal-targeted delivery. Here, we present a nutrient-delivery system based on a pH-responsive “wood scroll”, in which nutrients are stored, protected, and controllably released through the rolled structure and natural microchannels of a flexible wood substrate, thus ensuring higher bioactivity as well as prolonged steady release of the nutrient load to the intestine. We loaded the wood’s natural microchannels with probiotics as a proof-of-concept demonstration. The probiotic-loaded wood scrolls can survive the simulated conditions of the stomach with a high survival rate (95.40%) and exhibit prolonged release (8 h) of the probiotic load at a constant release rate (4.17 × 108 CFUs/h) in the simulated conditions of the intestine. Moreover, by modifying the macroscopic geometry and microstructures of the wood scrolls, both the nutrient loading and release behaviors can be tuned over a wide range for customized or personalized nutrient management. The wood scrolls can also deliver other types of nutrients, as we demonstrate for tea polyphenols and rapeseed oil. This wood scroll design illustrates a promising structurally controlled strategy for the delivery of enteric nutrients using readily available, low-cost, and biocompatible biomass materials that have a naturally porous structure for nutrient storage, protection, and controlled release.

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“…High-purity lignin samples were obtained following the efficient cleavage of benzyl ether and benzyl ester bonds. Furthermore, the condensation of lignin was inhibited by p -TsOH pretreatment [ 10 ]. The enzymatic yield of cellulose was significantly improved [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Lignin Separation during the Atmospheric Fractionation of Bagasse with p-Toluenesulfonic Acid

Deng

Luo

Peng

et al. 2022

IJMS

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As a green and efficient component separation technology, organic acid pretreatment has been widely studied in biomass refining. In particular, the efficient separation of lignin by p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) pretreatment has been achieved. In this study, the mechanism of the atmospheric separation of bagasse lignin with p-TsOH was investigated. The separation kinetics of lignin was analyzed. A non-simple linear relationship was found between the separation yield of lignin and the concentration of p-TsOH, the temperature and the stirring speed. The shrinking nucleus model for the separation of lignin was established based on the introduction of mass transfer and diffusion factors. A general model of the total delignification rate was obtained. The results showed that the process of lignin separation occurred into two phases, i.e., a fast stage and a slow stage. The results provide a theoretical basis for the efficient separation of lignin by p-TsOH pretreatment.

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Acid Hydrotropic Fractionation of Lignocelluloses for Sustainable Biorefinery: Advantages, Opportunities, and Research Needs

Cited by 52 publications

References 128 publications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Controlled Nutrient Delivery through a pH-Responsive Wood Vehicle

Kinetics of Lignin Separation during the Atmospheric Fractionation of Bagasse with p-Toluenesulfonic Acid

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