CO 2 and hydrocarbon fluxes from a sitka spruce forest were measured using a conditional sampling method. The method was used in two ways: (1) an automated system was used to monitor continuously the mixing ratio difference of total hydrocarbons and CO 2 in sampling lines for updraught and downdraught air and (2) conditionally sampled updraught and downdraught air was passed through adsorption tubes, which subsequently were analyzed in the laboratory, to determine the fluxes of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Aerodynamic gradient measurements of NMHC fluxes were made over the same period. Method (1) produced a high temporal resolution data set of approximately 4 days of near-continuous fluxes. Marked diurnal trends in CO 2 flux were evident. Peak daylight photosynthetic fluxes ranged from -30 to -90 mmol m -2 h -1. Smaller fluxes were noted during heavy rainfall and diminished photosynthetically active radiation. Nighttime respiration ranged from 0 to 10 mmol m -2 h -1. Total hydrocarbon fluxes were 3 orders of magnitude smaller. During hot, sunny conditions a total hydrocarbon flux of approximately 400 pmol m -2 h -I (CH 4 equivalents) was observed. Fluxes of specific NMHC compounds, from method (2), ranged between 90 and 563 pg m -2 hour -1. The annual carbon flux to Great Britain's conifer forests was estimated to be 1.3 Mt using a simple upscaling model based on the observations of CO 2 flux during the field experiment. Edinburgh, Scotland. 2Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. 3Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Lancaster Universit),, Lancaster, England. forests to calibrate CCMs and to estimate the size of the sink are of great importance. Jarvis [1994] described measurements from sitka spruce in NE Scotland but indicated that there were few comparable published measurements of CO 2 excha,e between the coniferous forests and the atmosphere. Biogenic hydrocm'bon emissions also play an important role in atmospheric chemic;try and hence ultimately in the global radiation balance. For example, nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) species represent an important sink for the hydroxyl radical which in mrn controls the atmospheric half-life of radiatively important gases such as CH 4 and oxides of nitrogen [Dw•er e/ al., 19911. However, much uncertainty surrounds the magnitude and distribution of the sources of these emissions on the global scale [Guenther et al., 1995]. Changes in mmospheric temperatures and precipitation patterns may result in enhanced emission of biogenic hydrocarbons w•th potential for complex feedback effects. Predictive modeling of such effects and their influence on global climate requires detailed knowledge of the primary mechanisms which control fluxes. Most of the early work [e.g., Zimmerman. 1979' [Finer et al., 1983] employed branch enclosure techniques wl•ich were scaled to represent the entire canopy. These enclosure techniques are subject to problems associated with heterogeneous canopies and unavoidable microclimatic disturbance within the cha...