Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade‐Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells

Zhang, Lin; Xu, Xianbin; Lin, Baojun; Zhao, Heng; Li, Tengfei; Xin, Jingming; Bi, Zhaozhao; Qiu, Guanxian; Guo, Shengwei; Zhou, Ke; Zhan, Xiaowei; Ma, Wei

doi:10.1002/adma.201805041

Cited by 136 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A key difference between the batch and roll-to-roll processes is the time constraint in the roll-to-roll process. [34,37,39,40,42,[78][79][80][81][82] We found the record PCEs of slot-die coated PSCs have been surprisingly low, as shown in Figure 5d. Therefore, time-consuming processes, such as solvent soaking technique, cannot be used in the roll-to-roll process.…”

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confidence: 78%

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Lee

Seo

Kwon

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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PSC-efficiencies have increased with intensive effort on novel materials synthesis, film-morphology engineering, and interface control, and the state-of-the-art PSCs have eventually produced a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 15%. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] For example, Zou et al. reported a newly synthesized nonfullerene acceptor (NFA), Y6, having an electron-deficient-core-based fused ring with a benzothiadiazole unit, and the resulting single-junction PSCs based on PM6:Y6 BHJ showed an excellent efficiency of 15.7% and a certified PCE of 14.9%. [20] In addition, Hou and co-workers recently reported a series of copolymers, and in particular, the copolymer T1 (poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-fluorothiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′] dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′] dithiophene-4,8-dione)] (PBDB-TF) = 0.8 and PTO2 = 0.2) produced the bestefficiency of 15.1% and certified PCE of 14.6% in PSCs using 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′] dithiophene (IT-4F) acceptor. [21] One of the representative routes to further enhance PSCefficiency is broadening the absorption bandwidth of the active film for better sunlight absorption. [21][22][23] To this end, the ternary The record efficiency of the state-of-the-art polymer solar cells (PSCs) is rapidly increasing, due to the discovery of high-performance photoactive donor and acceptor materials. However, strong questions remain as to whether such high-efficiency PSCs can be produced by scalable processes. This paper reports a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.5% achieved with single-junction ternary PSCs based on PTB7-Th, PC 71 BM, and COi8DFIC fabricated by slot-die coating, which shows the highest PCE ever reported in PSCs fabricated by a scalable process. To understand the origin of the high performance of the slot-die coated device, slot-die coated photoactive films and devices are systematically investigated. These results indicate that the good performance of the slot-die PSCs can be due to a favorable moleculestructure and film-morphology change by introducing 1,8-diiodooctane and heat treatment, which can lead to improved charge transport with reduced carrier recombination. The optimized condition is then used for the fabrication of large-area modules and also for roll-to-roll fabrication. The slot-die coated module with 30 cm 2 active-area and roll-to-roll produced flexible PSC has shown 8.6% and 9.6%, respectively. These efficiencies are the highest in each category and demonstrate the strong potential of the slot-die coated ternary system for commercial applications. Photovoltaic DevicesThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.Over the past few decades, solution-processed bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs) have continued to demonstrate their potential as a high-ef...

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confidence: 78%

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Lee

Seo

Kwon

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…To investigate the role of fluorine on the microstructural morphology of the donor/acceptor blend, we first utilized the Flory–Huggins model via contact angle measurements to study the miscibility and interaction between the fluorinated and nonfluorinated materials . As shown in Figure and Table 2 , we obtained the values of the surface free energy (γ s ) from the contact angles on water and diiodomethane (DIM) of 38.74, 46.32, 32.86, and 44.03 mN m −1 for Y1, Y1‐4F, PBDB‐T, and PBDB‐T‐F, respectively.…”

Section: Average and The Best Device Data Based On Pbdb‐t/y1 Pbdb‐t/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Tuning of Molecular Interaction and Energy Level Alignment Enables High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

et al. 2019

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The performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has rapidly improved over the past years. Recent work in material design has primarily focused on developing near‐infrared nonfullerene acceptors with broadening absorption that pair with commercialized donor polymers; in the meanwhile, the influence of the morphology of the blend film and the energy level alignment on the efficiency of charge separation needs to be synthetically considered. Herein, the selection rule of the donor/acceptor blend is demonstrated by rationally considering the molecular interaction and energy level alignment, and highly efficient OPV devices using both‐fluorinated or both‐nonfluorinated donor/acceptor blends are realized. With the enlarged absorption, ideal morphology, and efficient charge transfer, the devices based on the PBDB‐T‐F/Y1‐4F blend and PBDB‐T‐F/Y6 exhibit champion power conversion efficiencies as high as 14.8% and 15.9%, respectively.

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“…Molecular chain stacking has an important influence on device performance, so the grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) measurements of PTB7‐Th:PC 71 BM and PBDB‐T:ITIC films are performed, as shown in Figure e,f. The complete 2D, 1D scattering patterns are presented in Figure S7 in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Performance Of Devices (Slot‐die) Based On Ptb7mentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Approach for Lab‐to‐Manufacturing Translation on Flexible Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2019

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The blossoming of organic solar cells (OSCs) has triggered enormous commercial applications, due to their high‐efficiency, light weight, and flexibility. However, the lab‐to‐manufacturing translation of the praisable performance from lab‐scale devices to industrial‐scale modules is still the Achilles' heel of OSCs. In fact, it is urgent to explore the mechanism of morphological evolution in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) with different coating/printing methods. Here, a general approach to upscale flexible organic photovoltaics to module scale without obvious efficiency loss is demonstrated. The shear impulse during the coating/printing process is first applied to control the morphology evolution of the BHJ layer for both fullerene and nonfullerene acceptor systems. A quantitative transformation factor of shear impulse between slot‐die printing and spin‐coating is detected. Compelling results of morphological evolution, molecular stacking, and coarse‐grained molecular simulation verify the validity of the impulse translation. Accordingly, the efficiency of flexible devices via slot‐die printing achieves 9.10% for PTB7‐Th:PC71BM and 9.77% for PBDB‐T:ITIC based on 1.04 cm2 . Furthermore, 15 cm2 flexible modules with effective efficiency up to 7.58% (PTB7‐Th:PC71BM) and 8.90% (PBDB‐T:ITIC) are demonstrated with satisfying mechanical flexibility and operating stability. More importantly, this work outlines the shear impulse translation for organic printing electronics.

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Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade‐Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells

Cited by 136 publications

References 54 publications

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency

Rational Tuning of Molecular Interaction and Energy Level Alignment Enables High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

A General Approach for Lab‐to‐Manufacturing Translation on Flexible Organic Solar Cells

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