Achene anatomy and stomatal characteristics of eighteen Crepis L. (Asteraceae) taxa from Turkey with notes on their systematic significance

Abstract

Achene anatomy and stomatal characteristics of eighteen Crepis taxa from Turkey are here described for the first time. In all taxa examined the pericarp is composed of several layers of sclerenchymatous and parenchymatous cells. As for the achene, differences among taxa mainly concern the pericarp structure and its thickness and width. Stomata are present on both surface of the leaf in all studied taxa and all taxa have anomocytic type stomata. However, the dimensions (length and width) and density of the stomata differ significantly among the studied taxa. In addition, the dimensions of stomata are negatively correlated with stomata density. It is concluded that achene anatomy and stomatal characteristics are useful for delimitation of Crepis taxa and a key to taxa based on these characters is provided. However, based on achene anatomy and stomatal characteristics, we found no argument for an exclusion of the Lagoseris group from Crepis as has previously been proposed.

Taxonomic significance of cypsela morphology in tribe Cichoreae (Asteraceae) using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy

“…The earlier name of this tribe was Cichoreae, but currently it is known as Lactuceae contains 86 genera and 12 subtribes (Cronquist, ; Kadereit & Jeffrey, ). Crepis is a large genus with more than 200 species allocated mostly in the Northern Hemisphere and Africa (Enke, ; Inceer et al, ). The tribe is easily identifiable among the different tribes of Asteraceae by the presence of ligulate capitula and laticeferous vessels are monophyletic group and nested in subfamily Cichorioideae (Jana & Mukherjee, ).…”

“…The Cypsela microcharacters including surface sculpture and pappus ultrastructure provide supplementary informative data for delimitation of the genera and identification of taxa in Lactuceae (Aksu Kalmuk et al, ; Karanović, Zorić, Zlatković, Boža, & Luković, ; Zhang et al, ). The Cypsela that is one‐seeded fruit in tribe Lactuceae is absolutely necessary for identification of the genera and species and its morphology contributes the systematically most valuable data at all taxonomic levels (Inceer et al, ; Sennikov & Illarionova, ; Zhu et al, ).…”

“…Crepis is a large genus with more than 200 species allocated mostly in the Northern Hemisphere and Africa (Enke, 2010;Inceer et al, 2018).…”

Pappus and fruit micromorphology and fruit anatomy in some members of the tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae) from Turkey with their contributions to systematics

“…The morphological and anatomical features of the fruits have already been successfully used to better understanding the taxonomic relationship in the family Asteraceae (Funk, Susanna, Stuessy, & Robinson, 2009; Inceer et al, 2018; Inceer & Ozcan, 2021; Jana & Mukherjee, 2012; Lavialle, 1912; Pandey & Singh, 1982). The important fruit characters in the tribe Cardueae have been revealed by some authors (Ghimire, Gang, Lee, Heo, & Jeong, 2018; Häffner, 2000; Lavialle, 1912; Ozcan, 2017, 2018; Ozcan & Akinci, 2019; Zarembo & Boyko, 2008).…”