Acetylene pyrolysis in a jet-stirred-reactor for low pressure gas carburizing process – Experiments, kinetic modeling and mixing intensity investigations by CFD simulation

Bensabath, Tsilla; Monnier, Hubert; Glaude, Pierre‐Alexandre

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.028

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…or particle formation (e.g., molecular dynamics (MD), etc. ). − Therefore, CFD simulation is often complemented with experimental measurements. , To explain the precipitation of curcumin, Rahimi et al created a species 3D model by CFD, which was validated by quantitative experimental data. The 3D model revealed that the injection angle of microfluidic devices is a crucial factor for the size of curcumin NPs .…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Nanoparticles Using Mixing-Induced Nanoprecipitation for Drug Delivery

Liu

Yang

Zou

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

131

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Significant efforts have been made to fabricate drug-loaded nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nanoprecipitation is a simple and versatile method for making various types of polymer nanoparticles with well-controlled particle size, size distribution, and surface properties. This review presents a critical overview of three different widely used nanoprecipitation techniques, namely, traditional nanoprecipitation in bulk solutions, flash nanoprecipitation, and microfluidic-based nanoprecipitation. The review starts with the comparison of these three different nanoprecipitation methods summarizing their key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Then, different types of nanoparticles synthesized using nanoprecipitation are presented including di-block copolymer nanoparticles and natural polymer nanoparticles. A special focus is placed on comparing different drug-loaded polymer nanoparticles prepared using different nanoprecipitation approaches including their synthesis methods, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, nanoparticle properties (e.g., size, PDI, etc.), and stability. Finally, the principle of forming nanoparticles with well-controlled properties is discussed to fundamentally understand the intricate interplay between mixing, supersaturation, nucleation, and particle growth, aiming to provide a general guideline for making drug-loaded nanoparticles based on nanoprecipitation.

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Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Nanoparticles Using Mixing-Induced Nanoprecipitation for Drug Delivery

Liu

Yang

Zou

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

131

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“…), the influence of residence time and acetylene concentration were investigated. First investigations were done in a spherical jet-stirred reactor (Matras and Villermaux, 1973;Herbinet et al, 2015), which studied the formation of H2 to C7 during gas carburizing conditions and showed deviation from ideal flow mixing under low pressure (Bensabath et al, 2019). The present study implements a tubular flow reactor closer to ideality, which allows a better kinetic analysis (Norinaga et al, 2006(Norinaga et al, , 2009Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation during acetylene pyrolysis in tubular reactor under low pressure carburizing conditions

Bensabath

Monnier

et al. 2019

Chemical Engineering Science

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Low-pressure carburizing involves hydrocarbon pyrolysis, which leads to a fast gas-phase formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of which, such as benzo[a]pyrene, are carcinogenic. Workers can be exposed to these PAHs during maintenance and cleaning operations of carburizing furnaces. Experiments of acetylene pyrolysis were carried out in conditions close to low-pressure gas carburizing processes, at 1173 K and 8 kPa, in tubular reactors. At the outlet of the reaction zone, the reactant and the reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography (TCD, FID and MS). Amongst other products, 16 PAHs classified as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were observed and quantified. The study of the influence of residence time and of inlet reactant concentration shows that amounts of PAHs increase with residence time at low acetylene concentration but slightly decrease with pure acetylene due to the conversion of PAHs into soot. Results were compared to simulation results obtained with a detailed kinetic model of light hydrocarbon pyrolysis.

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“…The multiphase jet reactor (MJR) is an efficient chemical process equipment based on jet mixing technology, such as jet bubbling reactor, 1 jet‐loop reactor, 2 jet‐stirred reactor, 3 jet packed bed reactor, 4 impinging jets reactor 5,6 . Jet mixers are the key elements for MJR to achieve efficient mixing, including valve, Venturi, orifice plate, and nozzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on droplet breakup in an orifice jet mixer

Wu,

Cai,

et al. 2023

AIChE Journal

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The droplet breakups in an orifice jet mixer are studied to gain a deeper understanding of the breakup mechanism and establish breakup models used as population balance model source terms for accurate predictions. The breakup process and details are captured in situ using a high‐speed photomicrography system. Experiments are performed with different levels of pressure drop and mother droplet size. A complete breakup process consists of several different sub‐breakup events, hence the cascade breakup definition is adopted to determine statistical results. High breakup frequency is achieved under high pressure drop and small mother droplet size. The average number of daughter droplets is 102–105 and is positively correlated with the pressure drop and mother droplet size. The daughter droplet size distribution has a tailing phenomenon and is mainly affected by the pressure drop. New breakup models based on the above features are established and predict well with the experimental results.

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Acetylene pyrolysis in a jet-stirred-reactor for low pressure gas carburizing process – Experiments, kinetic modeling and mixing intensity investigations by CFD simulation

Abstract: experiments to study formation of H2 to C7 during gas carburizing conditions.  CFD simulations characterizing the hydrodynamics of a continuous stirred tank reactor.  Comparison of experimental light hydrocarbon formation and that predicted by a kinetic model.

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Formulation of Nanoparticles Using Mixing-Induced Nanoprecipitation for Drug Delivery

Formulation of Nanoparticles Using Mixing-Induced Nanoprecipitation for Drug Delivery

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation during acetylene pyrolysis in tubular reactor under low pressure carburizing conditions

Experimental study on droplet breakup in an orifice jet mixer

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