Acetyl-l-carnitine Administration Increases Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Levels in Asymptomatic HIV-1-Infected Subjects: Correlation with Its Suppressive Effect on Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Ceramide Generation

Marzio, Luisa Di; Moretti, Sonia; D’Alò, S.; Zazzeroni, Francesca; Marcellini, Sonia; Smacchia, Camillo; Alesse, Edoardo; Cifone, Maria Grazia; Simone, Claudio De

doi:10.1006/clim.1999.4727

Cited by 60 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…L -Carnitine was also shown to inhibit Fas-induced apoptosis; the interaction of Fas and Fas ligand may represent an apoptotic control mechanism for erythropoiesis [25]. In addition, L -carnitine reduces ceramide generation and increases the serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1, which contributes to the antiapoptotic effect [26]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be attributed to the toxic effect of iron which can activate the respiratory burst and generate superoxide, peroxide and free hydroxyl radicals. These agents are important inducers of apoptosis and cause serious tissue damage [20,25,26,27]. This was apparent as thalassemia major patients were found to have L- carnitine deficiency [28] and replacement helps in thalassemia-related cardiomyopathy [29] possibly via inhibiting apoptosis through decreasing intracellular accumulation of fatty acids [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apoptosis in Thalassemia major Reduced by a Butyrate Derivative

El‐Beshlawy¹,

Seoud²,

Ibrahim

et al. 2005

Acta Haematol

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Background and Objectives: In cases of β-thalassemia major, apoptosis appears to be greatly enhanced in the early-stage erythroid precursors in the bone marrow leading to ineffective erythropoiesis. L-Carnitine is found to strongly reduce apoptosis in different diseases. We investigated the effect of oral L-carnitine therapy on apoptosis in thalassemia major patients. Methods: Eighteen thalassemia major patients with a mean age of 12.2 ± 6.6 years were included. Detection of apoptosis was done by photometric enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and agarose gel electrophoresis before and after 6 months of oral therapy with L-carnitine (50 mg/kg/day). Results: A significant decrease of apoptosis frequency in the erythroid precursors in the bone marrow of studied cases was noted after therapy. The quantity of nucleosomes measured by ELISA dropped from 3.65 ± 1.338 to 1.60 ± 0.65 after therapy (p = 0.005). A positive ladder pattern reflecting apoptosis on agarose gel electrophoresis was detected in 88.9% of cases prior to treatment versus 16.7% after therapy (p = 0.006). Patients also had a significant decrease in the frequency of transfusions and increase in the pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels after therapy. Conclusion:L-Carnitine seems to be a good modulator of apoptotic processes in thalassemic patients leading to a decreased frequency of programmed erythroblast death and general improvement of the disease condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis in Thalassemia major Reduced by a Butyrate Derivative

El‐Beshlawy¹,

Seoud²,

Ibrahim

et al. 2005

Acta Haematol

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“…Indeed, in one pilot study, peripheral mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients treated with IGF-1 for 3 months only exhibited an upward trend in IL-2 production after in vitro stimulation with HIV-1 envelope peptides [52]. On the other hand, treatment of HIV-infected patients for 5 months with acetyl- L -carnitine promoted an increase in IGF-1 levels and a reduction in apoptotic CD4+ T cells [57]. More direct effects of IGF-1 have been observed in feline immunodeficiency virus infection [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor-Mediated Circuit in Human and Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells

et al. 2002

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Interactions between thymocytes and thymic epithelial cell (TEC) can be modulated by growth hormone via insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). In this study, we showed IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor mRNA expression by human and murine TEC and thymocytes. Functionally, IGF-1 stimulates extracellular matrix production by human TEC. Moreover, pretreatment of murine TEC with IGF-1 increases their adhesion to thymocytes. Interestingly, we observed an increase in the frequency of CD4–CD8–CD90+ T cells which adhered to pretreated TEC, supporting the concept that IGF-1 may also act indirectly on intrathymic T cell differentiation and migration through the thymic epithelium.

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“…Significant effects on the expression of IGF-1 biological activity have also been reported. 36 Local administration of IGF-1 has been shown to increase the rate of axon regeneration in crush 37 and freeze 38 injured rat sciatic nerve. Fortes et al 39 found that 1 week after coaptation, IGF-1 was localized predominantly on the epineurial side of the graft perineurium and this increase preceded the appearance of myelinated axons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%